Operations Research Department Naval Postgraduate School Monterey, California 93943 Office: Glasgow Hall 225 (831) 656-2281 DSN: 756-2281 Fax: (831) 656-2595 Email: nlshattu@nps.edu Prof. Shattuck at Google Scholar Visit the Crew Endurance web site!

Nita Lewis Shattuck Professor Emerita of Operations Research Dr. Nita Lewis Shattuck is Professor Emerita of Operations Research at the Naval Postgraduate School (NPS) in Monterey, California with faculty appointments in the Operations Research and Systems Engineering Departments and the MOVES Institute. She founded the Human Systems Integration Program at NPS in 2003. Dr. Shattuck directed the research of the Crew Endurance Team, serving as Team Leader for 25 years. She pursues her research interests in human fatigue in operational settings, individual and team performance, and decision-making. Dr. Shattuck served as mentor to junior faculty, post-doctoral fellows and graduate students, advising over 100 masters theses. She developed and taught multiple distance and resident graduate level courses and helped design the Human Systems Integration (HSI) Distance Learning Master’s degree. Among her many honors, Dr. Shattuck received the Department of the Navy Distinguished Civilian Service Award — the highest civilian honor the Navy bestows — as well as the Surface Navy Association Literary Award and multiple best-paper recognitions. Her research continues to influence how the U.S. military approaches crew rest, shift scheduling, and the human costs of sleep deprivation. Dr. Shattuck received her Ph.D. in Behavioral Science from the University of Texas School of Public Health and has spent her entire career working in various agencies in the Department of Defense. She has published over 100 articles, book chapters, and technical reports and speaks annually to Naval, DOD, civilian, and international audiences, sharing the information she has learned from decades of applied research in the Department of Defense. Dr. Shattuck’s work has resulted in sweeping changes to US Navy policies that now mandate the use of circadian-based watchbills and emphasize benefits of crew rest practices. She can be reached at Naval Postgraduate School, Glasgow Hall, Room 225, Monterey, California. Her email address is nlshattu@nps.edu and her faculty website is https://faculty.nps.edu/nlshattuck. Research Interests Fatigue and Circadian Rhythms Human Systems Integration Human Performance (Individual and Team) Situation Awareness, Situated Cognition Decision Making and Mental Workload Human-centered Design

PROFESSIONAL HISTORY

Prof. Shattuck at Google Scholar
Curriculum Vita (PDF)

Education

National Research Council Postdoctoral Fellow, United States Air Force School of Aerospace Medicine, 1983-1985

Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.), Behavioral Science, The University of Texas, School of Public Health, Houston, TX, 1982; Chairman: George Kerr, M.D. Dissertation research funded by The Ford Foundation. Title: Lewis, N.L., "Arousal, Fatigue, and Mental Performance: The Effects of Fasting on Cognition", The University of Texas, School of Public Health, Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, 1982. Advisor: Ernesto Pollitt, Ph.D.

U.S. Public Health Service Trainee, The University of Texas, School of Public Health, 1978-1980

Master of Education (M.Ed.), Stephen F. Austin State University, Nacogdoches, TX, 1977

Bachelor of Science (B.S.), Biology and English majors; Stephen F. Austin State University, Nacogdoches, TX, 1975

WORK EXPERIENCE

Present Position: Professor, Naval Postgraduate School

May 2006 to April 2017: Associate Professor, Naval Postgraduate School (NPS)

Director of the Human Systems Integration Laboratory (HSIL). Human Factors Option Advisor for the Operations Research curriculum. Course coordinator for OA3401, OA3402, OA3413 and OA4401; teach courses in human factors engineering, individual and team performance, and human systems integration. Supervise NPS student thesis projects. Served as Co-Director of the Human Systems Integration program. Joint faculty appointments in Systems Engineering and MOVES Institute. Advisor to the Chief of Naval Operations Strategic Studies Group for 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2011, 2013. Member of the Transportation Research Board of the National Academies Committee on Marine Safety and Human Factors (appointment 4-2011 to 4-2014

2000--2005: Research Assistant Professor, Naval Postgraduate School (NPS)

Developed curriculum and course material for graduate courses in human factors and human systems integration. Supervised student thesis research. Director of the Human Systems Integration Laboratory (HSIL). Human Factors Option Advisor for the Operations Research curriculum. In 2003, founded the resident Masters Degree program in Human Systems Integration and served as Academic Associate for the Resident Masters Degree program in Human Systems Integration at NPS.

1995 to 1997: Principal Staff Member/Human Factors Scientist, Veda, Inc.

Principal investigator of US Navy project to evaluate in-flight fires and wiring discrepancies in the E-2C Hawkeye aircraft. Worked with Navy engineers and the SAS Institute to finalize recommendations based on reported failure rates. Study coordinator and human factors lead for F-14D Theater Ballistic Missile Boost Phase Intercept Project. Responsible for measuring aircrew mental workload and aircrew performance in flight and in human-in-the-loop simulations.

1987 to 1989:  Engineering Psychologist, Aircrew Systems Department, Systems Engineering Test Directorate, Naval Air Test Center, Patuxent River, MD

Developed techniques for in-flight physiological monitoring of aircrew. Designed study to assess the effect of thermal stress on Gz tolerance. Consultant to the Israeli Air Force on Gz-induced Loss of Consciousness (G-LOC) monitoring systems for in-flight applications.

1985 to 1987: Research Psychologist, Crew Technology Division, United States AirForce School of Aerospace Medicine, Brooks AFB, TX

Principal investigator in studies of human performance during exposure to acceleration, hypoxia and spatial disorientation using electrophysiological measures (e.g., EEG, EOG, EMG) as indicators of state of consciousness. Directed contractual efforts to obtain centrifuge and in-flight recording and analysis capability of electrophysiological signals from aircrew. Measured human cognitive performance and electrophysiological changes during exposure to lower body negative pressure (ischemic hypoxia). Participated in fatigue countermeasures program that assessed EEG and performance changes associated with pharmacological sleep intervention (temazepam).

1983 to 1985: Postdoctoral Research Fellow, National Research Council, assigned to United States Air Force School of Aerospace Medicine, Neurosciences Function, Clinical Sciences Division, Brooks AFB, TX

As a neuroscience research fellow and as part of the USAF Pilot Attributes Program, designed and implemented a study of visual target acquisition and tracking. Study included quantitative measures of human eye movements, including saccadic velocities. Analyzed data from manual tracking task collected in zero-G environment from astronauts during NASA Shuttle missions.

RESEARCH INTERESTS

Human systems integration (to include the domains of manpower, personnel, training, human factors, habitability, safety, survivability and occupational health)

Human performance (individual and team)

Fatigue, sleep, and circadian rhythms

Situation awareness and situated cognition

Decision making and mental workload

HONORS AND AWARDS

• Received the Distinguished Civilian Service award, June 2018. The citation reads in part: "She is a nationally recognized and highly respected expert in the fields of sleep, fatigue, and crew endurance." (medal)
• My research contributions were recognized by ADM John Richardson as Chief of Naval Operations during his NPS Summer 2016 Graduation Commencement address.
• Recipient of the 2013 Surface Navy Association Literary Award, which recognizes the best professional article in any publication addressing Surface Navy or Surface Warfare issues
• Recipient of the 2007 'Jimmie' Hamilton Award from the American Society of Naval Engineers (ASNE) for Best Paper for 2007
• Recipient of the Roland Calori Award for Best Paper for the years 2006-2007 in the Organizational Studies Journal
• Recipient of the 2006 Gary F. Wheatley Award for Best Paper from the International Command and Control Research and Technology 
• Interviewed and quoted multiple times by various news outlets (e.g., Navy Times Huffington Post) for various articles on alternative watchbills for US Navy Sailors.
• Outstanding Civilian Performance Award , U.S. Air Force, 1987.
• National Research Council Postdoctoral Fellow, 1983-1985.
• Vice President, Board of Directors, Houston Area Women's Center, Inc., 1978-1979.
• U.S. Public Health Service Trainee, The University of Texas , School of Public Health, 1978-1980.
• Outstanding Student Award, Stephen F. Austin State University, 1976-1977.
• Lovenia Perry Scholarship, Stephen F. Austin State University, 1975-1976.

PROFESSIONAL ORGANIZATIONS

Aerospace Medical Association
American Society of Naval Engineers
Human Factors and Ergonomics Society
Department of Defense Human Factors Engineering Technical Advisory Group

PUBLICATIONS

Chapters in Books

Shattuck, N.L., Lawrence-Sidebottom, D., Matsangas, P., & Nicholson, M. (2023). Awakening to the challenge of fatigue management in maritime transportation. In Rudin-Brown, C. & Filtness, A. (Eds.). The Handbook of Fatigue Management in Transportation: Waking Up to the Challenge (1st ed.). Boca Raton: CRC Press.

Shattuck, N. L., Lawrence-Sidebottom, D., Matsangas, P., & Brager, A. J. (2022). The role of sleep in the military. In C. A. Kushida (Ed.), Encyclopedia of Sleep and Circadian Rhythms (2nd ed.). Elsevier.

Shattuck, N.L., Matsangas, P., Mysliwiec, V., & Creamer, J.L. (2019). "The role of sleep in human performance and well-being" in Schnyer, D. & Matthews, M.D. (Eds.), Human Performance Optimization: The Science and Ethics of Enhancing Human Capabilities. Oxford University Press, New York.

Shattuck, N.L., Matsangas, P., & Dahlman, A.S. (2018). Sleep and fatigue issues in military operations. In E. Vermetten, A. Germain, & T. Neylan (Eds.), Sleep and Combat related PTSD (pp. 69-76). New York, NY: Springer.

Shattuck, N.L., & Matsangas, P. (2018). "Sleep and fatigue issues in military operations" in Vermetten, E., Germain, D. & Neylan, T. (Eds.), Sleep and combat related PTSD. Springer.

Drillings, M., Knapp, B., & Shattuck, N.L. (2015). "Human Systems Integration in the military," in D. Boehm-Davis, Durso, Lee, (Eds) The APA Handbook of Human Systems Integration. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association. 37-52.

Miller, N.L., Matsangas, P. & Kenney, A. (2012). "The role of sleep in the military: Implications for training and operational effectiveness," in M. Matthews and J. Laurence (Eds.) Oxford Handbook of Military Psychology. New York: Oxford University Press. 262-281.

Miller, N.L., Matsangas, P., & Shattuck, L.G. (2007). "Fatigue and its effect on performance in military environments," in P.A. Hancock and J.L. Szalma (Eds.), Performance Under Stress. Mahwah, NJ: Ashgate Publications. 231-250.

Miller, N.L., Crowson, J.J., & Narkevicius, J.M. (2003). "Human characteristics and measures in systems design," in H.R. Booher (Ed.), Handbook of Human Systems Integration. New York: John Wiley and Sons. 699-742.

Shattuck, N. L., Shattuck, L., & Matsangas, P. (Published). Combat Effectiveness and Sleep Patterns in US Marines.

Refereed Journal Papers

Shattuck, N.L., & Matsangas, P. (2026). Changes in sleep patterns of US Navy personnel transitioning from training to fleet assignments. Aerospace Medicine and Human Performance, 97(5), 327-332. Doi: 10.3357/AMHP.6732.2026.

Abendroth, J., Röttger, S., Giesche, M., Jacobsen, T., Matsangas, P., & Shattuck, N.L. (2025). Improving sailor’s amount and efficiency of sleep in two-section watchkeeping schedules: A cluster randomized trial study. Sleep, zsaf332. Doi: 10.1093/sleep/zsaf332.

Guzzetti, J.R., Matsangas, P., Banks, S., & Shattuck, N.L. (2025). The Sleep Regularity Index: A new way to evaluate shiftwork schedules. Journal of Sleep Research. e70133. doi: 10.1111/jsr.70133.

Matsangas, P., & Shattuck, N. L. (2025). Circadian rhythmicity and 24/7 operations. Current Sleep Medicine Reports, 11(14). doi: 10.1007/s40675-025-00319-x.

Shattuck, N. L., Matsangas, P., Lawrence-Sidebottom, D., & McClernon, C. K. (2025). Sex differences in United States Navy sailor well-being, sleep-related behaviors, and psychomotor vigilance performance. Sleep Advances, zpaf014. doi: 10.1093/sleepadvances/zpaf014.

Shattuck, N.L. & Matsangas, P. (2024). Recipe for Fatigue: Sleep, work patterns, and well-being of galley workers on Surface Ships of the United States Navy. Sleep Advances, 5(1), zpae005. doi: 10.1093/sleepadvances/zpae050.

McClernon, C. K., Matsangas, P., & Shattuck, N. L. (2024). Sleepy and grumpy go hand in hand for US Navy Sailors. Sleep Advances, 5(1), zpae005. doi: 10.1093/sleepadvances/zpae005.

Shattuck, N.L., Matsangas, P., Reily, J., McDonough, M., & Giles, K.B. (2023). Using light to facilitate circadian entrainment from day to night flights. Aerospace Medicine and Human Performance, 94(2), 66-73. Doi: 10.3357/AMHP.6161.2023.

Shattuck, N.L. & Matsangas, P. (2022). Who sleeps more and who works longer in the US Navy: Officers or enlisted personnel? Sleep Health. 8(4), 387-390. Doi: 10.1016/j.sleh.2022.03.007.

Gurubhagavatula, I., Barger, L. K., Barnes, C. M., Basner, M., Boivin, D. B., Dawson, D., Drake, C.L., Flynn-Evans, E. E., Mysliwiec, V., Patterson, P. D., Reid, K. J., Samuels, C., Shattuck, N. L., Kazmi, U., Carandang, G., Heald, J. L., Van Dongen, Hans P. A. (2021). Guiding principles for determining work shift duration and addressing the effects of work shift duration on performance, safety, and health: guidance from the American Academy of Sleep Medicine and the Sleep Research Society. Journal of Clinical Sleep Medicine, 17(11), 2283-2306.

Matsangas, P. & Shattuck, N.L. (2021). Habitability in berthing compartments and well-being of sailors working on United States Navy surface ships. Human Factors, 63(3), 462-473. Doi: 10.1177/0018720820906050.

Shattuck, N.L. & Matsangas, P. (2021). Eating behaviors in Sailors of the United States Navy: Meal-to-sleep intervals. Nutrition and Health, 27(1), 3-8. Doi: 10.1177/0260106020960878.

Shattuck, N.L. & Matsangas, P. (2020). Does the quality of life differ for shift workers compared to day workers? Chronobiology International, 37(9-10), 1299-1303. Doi: 10.1080/07420528.2020.1810062.

Matsangas, P. & Shattuck, N.L. (2020). Sleep quality, occupational factors, and psychomotor vigilance performance in U.S. Navy sailors. Sleep, 43(12). Doi: 10.1093/sleep/zsaa118.

Matsangas, P. & Shattuck, N.L. (2020). Hand-held and wrist-worn field-based PVT devices versus the standardized laptop PVT. Aerospace Medicine and Human Performance, 91(5), 409-415. Doi: 10.3357/AMHP.5567.2020.

Matsangas, P., Shattuck, N.L., & Saitzyk, A. (2020). Sleep-related practices, behaviors, and difficulties in deployed active duty service members performing security duties. Behavioral Sleep Medicine, 18(2), 262-274. Doi: 10.1080/15402002.2019.1578771.

Shattuck, N.L. & Matsangas, P. (2017). Sunlight exposure, work hours, caffeine consumption, and sleep duration in an operational naval environment. Aerospace Medicine and Human Performance, 88(6), 579-585. Doi: 10.3357/AMHP.4721.2017.

Matsangas, P., Shattuck, N.L., & Brown, S. (2017). Preliminary validation study of the 3-minute wrist-worn psychomotor vigilance test. Behavioral Research Methods, 49(5), 1792-1801. Doi:10.3758/s13428-016-0821-2.

Matsangas, P. & Shattuck, N.L. (2016). Differentiating between fatigue and sleepiness in the naval operational environment. Behavioral Sleep Medicine.

Shattuck, N.L., Matsangas, P., Moore, J., & Wegemann, L. (2016). Prevalence of musculoskeletal symptoms, excessive daytime sleepiness and fatigue in the crewmembers of a U.S. Navy ship. Military Medicine, 181(7), 655-62.

Shattuck, N.L., & Matsangas, P. (2015). Psychomotor Vigilance Performance Predicted by Epworth Sleepiness Scale Scores in an Operational Setting with the United States Navy. Journal of Sleep Research, 24(2), 174-180.

Skornyakov, E., Shattuck, N.L., Winser, M.A., Matsangas, P., Sparrow, A.R., Layton, M.E., Gabehart, R.J., & Van Dongen, H.P.A. (2015). Sleep and performance in simulated Navy watch schedules. Accident Analysis & Prevention. doi: 10.1016/j.aap.2015.11.021.

Shattuck, N.L. & Matsangas, P. (2015). A 6-month assessment of sleep during naval deployment: A case study of a Commanding Officer. Aerospace Medicine and Human Performance, 86(5), 481-485.

Mysliwiec, V., Matsangas, P., Baxter, T. & Shattuck, N.L. (2015). An unusual circadian rhythm in an active duty service member. Sleep and Biological Rhythms, 14(1), 113-115.

Shattuck, N.L., Matsangas, P., Eriksen, E. & Kulubis, S. (2015). Comparison of two watch schedules for personnel at the White House Military Office President's Emergency Operations Center. Human Factors, 57(5), 864-878.

Shattuck, N.L. & Matsangas, P. (2015). Operational assessment of the 5-h on/10-h off watchstanding schedule on a US Navy ship: Sleep patterns, mood, and psychomotor vigilance performance of crewmembers in the nuclear reactor department. Ergonomics. doi: 10.1080/00140139.2015.1073794.

Shattuck, N.L. & Matsangas, P. (2015). Psychomotor vigilance performance predicted by Epworth Sleepiness Scale scores in an operational setting with the United States Navy. Journal of Sleep Research, 24(2), 174-180.

Matsangas, P., Shattuck, N.L., & McCauley, M.E. (2015). Sleep duration in rough sea conditions. Aerospace Medicine and Human Performance, 86(10), 901-906.

Cordle, J. & Shattuck, N.L. (2013). A Sea Change in Standing Watch. United States Naval Institute Proceedings, 139(1), 34-39. This article won the Surface Navy Association Literary Award for 2013.

Shattuck N.L. & Brown S.A.T. (2013). Wounded in action: what the sleep community can learn from sleep disorders of US military service members. SLEEP, 36(2), 159-160.

Miller, N.L., Shattuck, L.G. & Tvaryanas, A.P. (2012). Accommodating adolescent sleep-wake patterns: The effects of shifting the timing of sleep on training effectiveness. SLEEP, 35(8), 1123-1136.

Miller, N.L., Shattuck, L.G., & Matsangas, P. (2011). Sleep and fatigue issues in continuous operations: A survey of US Army officers. Behavioral Sleep Medicine, 9(1), 53-65.

Miller, N.L., Shattuck, L.G., & Matsangas, P. (2010). Longitudinal study of sleep patterns of United States Military Academy cadets. SLEEP, 33(12), 1623-1631.

Tvaryanas, A.P., Brown, L., & Miller, N.L. (2009). Managing the Human Weapon System: A Vision for an Air Force Human-Performance Doctrine. Air & Space Power Journal, Summer 2009, 34-41.

Miller, N.L., Shattuck, L.G., Matsagas, P. & Dyche, J. (2008). Sleep and academic performance in U.S. military training and education programs. International Mind, Brain and Education Society, 2(1), 29-33.

Miller, N.L. & Firehammer, R. (2007). Avoiding a Second Hollow Force: The Case for Including Crew Endurance Factors in the Afloat Staffing Policies of the U.S. Navy. Naval Engineers Journal, 119(1), 83-96.

Shattuck, L.G. & Miller, N.L. (2006). Naturalistic decision making in complex systems: A dynamic model of situated cognition combining technological and human agents. Organizational Behavior, 27(7), 989-1009.

Miller, N.L. & Shattuck, L.G. (2005). Sleep Patterns of Young Men and Women Enrolled at the United States Military Academy: Results from Year One of a Four Year Longitudinal Study. SLEEP, July 2005.

Pollitt, E. & Lewis, N.L. (1980). Nutrition and educational achievement: I. Malnutrition and behavioral test indicators. Food and Nutrition Bulletin, 2(3), 32-35.

Pollitt, E. & Lewis, N.L. (1980). Nutrition and educational achievement: II. Correlations between nutritional and behavioral test indicators within populations where malnutrition is not a major public health problem. Food and Nutrition Bulletin, 2(3), 33-37.

Refereed Conference Papers

Shattuck, N.L. & Matsangas, P. (2023). A longitudinal assessment of sleep in Surface Warfare Officers during training and fleet assignments: Preliminary results. Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting, 67(1), 1570-1573. Doi: 10.1177/21695067231193653.

Röttger, S., Giesche, M., Abendroth, J., Jacobsen, T., Matsangas, P., & Shattuck, N.L. (2023). How much can we improve two-section watch bills? Sleepiness, fatigue, and psychomotor vigilance performance during naval operations in the 6/6 and 7-5-5-7 watch bills. Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting, 67(1), 1273-1278. Doi: 10.1177/21695067231192909.

Shattuck, N.L. & Matsangas, P. (2021). Crew endurance training in the United States Navy: Lessons learned from senior leadership, prospective commanding/executive officers, and department heads. Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting, 65(1), 1470-1474. Doi: 10.1177/1071181321651076.

Badua, A., Shattuck, N.L., & Matsangas, P. (2021). Risk assessment in the military: A work/rest schedule-based tool for the USN surface fleet. Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting, 65(1), 1588-1592. Doi: 10.1177/1071181321651077.

Shattuck, N.L., Matsangas, P., Clifton, H., Hart, J., Czeisler, C., & Barger, L. (2020). Crew endurance training in the United States Navy: Interim assessment of a 3-year project. Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting, 64(1), 841-845. Doi: 10.1177/1071181320641195.

Shattuck, N.L., Matsangas, P., Dahlman, J., & Dahlman, A. (2020). Assessment of the fixed 4-hours on/8-hours off watchstanding schedule on a surface vessel of the Swedish Royal Navy. Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting, 64(1), 846-850. Doi: 10.1177/1071181320641196.

Matsangas, P. & Shattuck, N.L. (2019). Preliminary assessment of a novel watchstanding schedule for a crew on a small surface combatant of the United States Navy. Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting, 63(1), 933-937. Doi:10.1177/1071181319631005.

Matsangas, P., Shattuck, N.L., Mortimore, K., Paghasian, C., & Greene, F. (2019). The 3-minute psychomotor vigilance task (PVT) embedded in a wrist-worn device: Time of day effects. Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting, 63(1), 797-801. Doi:10.1177/1071181319631144.

Shattuck, N.L., Matsangas, P., & Saitzyk, A. (2018). Improving work and rest patterns of military personnel in operational settings with frequent unplanned events. Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting, 62(1), 772-776. Doi: 10.1177/1541931218621175.

Matsangas, P. & Shattuck, N.L. (2018). Agreement between the 3-minute psychomotor vigilance task (PVT) embedded in a wrist-worn device and the laptop-based PVT. Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting, 62(1), 666-670. Doi:10.1177/1541931218621151.

Sjörs Dahlman, A., Matsangas, P., & Shattuck, N.L. (2017). The effect of habitual exercise on daytime sleepiness and mood of US Navy sailors. Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting, 61(1), 522-526. Doi: 10.1177/1541931213601615.

Ryan, A., Matsangas, P., Anglemyer, A., & Shattuck, N.L. (2017). Improving sleep attributes of military personnel in operational settings by controlling exposure to blue light. Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting, 61(1), 906-910. Doi: 10.1177/1541931213601705.

Matsangas, P. & Shattuck, N.L. (2017). Exploring sleep-related habitability issues in berthing spaces on U.S. Navy ships. Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting, 61(1), 450-454. Doi: 10.1177/1541931213601593.

Matsangas, P., Shattuck, N.L., Heinicke, C., & Dunn, J. (2017). Sleep patterns in Mission IV of the Hawaii Space Exploration Analog and Simulation (HI-SEAS): A pilot study. Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting, 61(1), 73-77. Doi: 10.1177/1541931213601484.

Shattuck, N.L., Shattuck, L.G. & Matsangas, P. (2016). Combat effectiveness and sleep patterns in US Marines. Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society (HFES) 60th Annual Meeting. Washington, D.C.

Shattuck, N.L. & Matsangas, P. (2016). Comparison of the 3/9 and 6/6 watchstanding schedules for crewmembers of a US Navy destroyer. Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society (HFES) 60th Annual Meeting. Washington, D.C.

Shattuck, N.L. & Matsangas, P. (2015). Caffeinated beverage consumption rates and reported sleep in a U.S. Navy ship. Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society (HFES) 59th Annual Meeting. Los Angeles, CA.

Matsangas, P. & Shattuck, N.L. (2015). The effect of ship department on crew sleep patterns and psychomotor vigilance performance. Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society (HFES) 59th Annual Meeting. Los Angeles, CA.

Brown, S., Matsangas, P., & Shattuck, N.L. (2015). Improved sleep hygiene and psychomotor vigilance performance following crew shift to a circadian-based watch schedule. Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society (HFES) 59th Annual Meeting. Los Angeles, CA.

Shattuck, N.L., Waggoner, L.B., Young, R.L., Smith, C.S., & Matsangas, P. (2014). Shiftwork practices in the United States Navy: A study of sleep and performance in watchstanders aboard the USS Jason Dunham. SLEEP, 37(Supplement), A78.

Shattuck, N.L., Matsangas, P., & Waggoner, L. (2014). Assessment of a novel watchstanding schedule on an operational US Navy vessel. Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society (HFES) 58th Annual Meeting. Chicago, IL.

Shattuck, N.L., Shattuck, L.G., Smith, C.S., & Matsangas, P.M. (2013). Changes in Reaction Times and Executive Decision-Making following Exposure to Waterborne Motion. Proceedings of the 2013 Annual Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Meeting. San Diego, CA.

Shattuck, N.L., Waggoner, L.B., Young, R.L., Smith, C.S., Brown, S.A.T., & Matsangas, P. (2013). Shiftwork Practices in the United States Navy: A Study of Sleep and Performance in Watchstanders aboard the USS JASON DUNHAM. 21st International Symposium on Shiftwork and Working Time. Costa do Sauipe, Brazil.

Shattuck, N.L., Shattuck, L.G., Smith, C.S., & Matsangas, P.M. (2013). Changes in reaction times and executive decision-making following exposure to waterborne motion. Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society (HFES) 57th Annual Meeting. San Diego, CA.

Shattuck, N.L. (2011). Human systems integration tradeoff analyses: Lessons learned in support of Naval surface acquisitions. Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society (HFES) 55th Annual Meeting. Las Vegas, NV.

Miller, G.A., Miller, N.L., & Shattuck, L.G. (2007). Red force interaction in situated cognition. Proceedings of the 2007 Command and Control Research and Technology Symposium. Newport, RI.

Miller, N.L. & Firehammer, R. (2007). Avoiding a second hollow force: The case for including crew endurance factors in the afloat staffing policies of the U.S. Navy. Proceedings of the 2007 Human Systems Integrations Symposium. Annapolis, MD.

Shattuck, L.G., Miller, N.L., & Miller, G.A. (2007). Using the dynamic model of situated cognition to assess network centric warfare in field settings. Proceedings of the 2007 Command and Control Research and Technology Symposium. Newport, RI.

Solberg, B.J., Miller, N.L., & Corriere, M.A. (2007). Sleep patterns of Naval aviation personnel conducting mine hunting operations. Proceedings of the 2007 Human Systems Integrations Symposium. Annapolis, MD.

Miller, N.L. & Shattuck, L.G. (2006). A dynamic process model for the design and assessment of network systems. Proceedings of the 2006 Command and Control Research and Technology Symposium. San Diego, CA.

Miller, N.L. & Shattuck, L.G. (2005). Applying a dynamic model of situated cognition to the investigation of mishaps. Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society's 49th Annual Meeting. Orlando, FL.

Miller, N.L., Shobe, K., & Shattuck, L.G. (2005). Extending the model of situated cognition to submarine command and control. Proceedings of the 2005 Human Systems Integrations Symposium. Arlington, VA.

Shattuck, L.G. & Miller, N.L. (2004). A process tracing approach to the investigation of situated cognition. Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society's 48th Annual Meeting. New Orleans, LA.

Miller, N.L. & Shattuck, L.G. (2004). A process model of situated cognition in military command and control. Proceedings of the 2004 Command and Control Research and Technology Symposium. San Diego, CA.

Miller, N.L. & Shattuck, L.G. (2004). Sleep patterns and the impact on performance: A study of men and women enrolled at the United States Military Academy. Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society's 48th Annual Meeting. New Orleans, LA.

Shattuck, L.G. & Miller, N.L. (2004). A process tracing approach to the investigation of situated cognition. Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society's 48th Annual Meeting. New Orleans, LA.

Miller, N.L., Dyche, J., Andrews, C., & Lucas, T. (2004). Navy Boot Camp: Test Score Changes After Two Hour Increase in Sleep Time. Proceedings of the Association of Professional Sleep Societies. Philadelphia, PA.

Miller, N.L., Shattuck, L.G., Clark, J., Miller, D.B., & Neverosky, D. (2004). Sleep Patterns of Incoming Cadets at the United States Military Academy. Proceedings of the Association of Professional Sleep Societies. Philadelphia, PA.

Miller, N.L., Baldus, B.R., Coard, H.F., Sanchez, S., & Redmond, D.R. (2003). Timing of the Major Sleep Period as a Fatigue Countermeasure in U.S. Navy Recruits. Proceedings of the Aerospace Medical Association.

Miller, N.L. & Nguyen, J.L. (2003). Working the nightshift on the USS STENNIS: Implications for enhancing warfighter effectiveness. Proceedings of the Human Systems Integration Symposium.

Lewis, N.L., McGovern, J.B., Miller, J.C., Eddy, D.R., & Forster, E.M. (1987). EEG indices of G-induced loss of consciousness. AGARD-NATO Proceedings. Trondheim, Norway.

Refereed Conference and Symposia Papers/Presentations

Shattuck, N.L., Lester, P., & Matsangas, P. (2026). Exploring crew recuperation after deployment: Preliminary results. Sleep, 49(Abstract Supplement), A174-A175. Doi: 10.1093/sleep/zsag091.0392.

Guzzetti, J., Matsangas, P., Banks, S., & Shattuck, N.L. (2026). Sleep regularity during extreme shiftwork is important for mood and subjective sleep quality. Sleep, 49(Abstract Supplement), A84-A85. Doi: 10.1093/sleep/zsag091.0194.

Eriksen, J., Shattuck, N.L., Matsangas, P., McClernon, C.K., & Mjelde, F.V. (2024). Using the IMPRINT tool to develop a simulated manpower model for Navy vessel acquisition. Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting, 68(1), 1877-1880. Doi: 10.1177/10711813241275511.

Shattuck, N.L., Matsangas, P., & McClernon, C.K. (2024). Sleep, wellness, and mood of personnel standing watch on US Navy information warfare watchfloors. Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting, 68(1), 634-638. Doi: 10.1177/10711813241260299.

Shattuck, N.L., Matsangas, P., Olson, N.H., Smith, C., & McClernon, C.K. (2024). Crew sleep during a 36-day Arctic transit: Preliminary results. Sleep, 47(Abstract Supplement), A77-A78. Doi: 10.1093/sleep/zsae067.0180.

Shattuck, N.L., Matsangas, P., & McClernon, C.K. (2024). Improving Watchstanding Schedules on US Navy Watchfloors. Sleep, 47(Abstract Supplement), A76-A77. Doi: 10.1093/sleep/zsae067.0177.

Owen, M.S., Yates, C., Grosser, L., Shattuck, N.L., Matthews, R., Matsangas, P., Sakovits, B., & Banks, S. (2024). Evaluating the Efficacy of Light and Odour for Mitigating Sleep Inertia Under Conditions of Sleep Restriction. Sleep, 47(Abstract Supplement), A62. Doi: 10.1093/sleep/zsae067.0142.

Shattuck, N.L. & Matsangas, P. (2021). Crew endurance training in the United States Navy: Lessons learned from senior leadership, prospective commanding/executive officers, and department heads. Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting, 65(1), 1470-1474. Doi: 10.1177/1071181321651076.

Badua, A., Shattuck, N.L., & Matsangas, P. (2021). Risk assessment in the military: A work/rest schedule-based tool for the USN surface fleet. Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting, 65(1), 1588-1592. Doi: 10.1177/1071181321651077.

Shattuck, N.L., Matsangas, P., & Boyle, J. (2021). Depression, anxiety, and resting heart rate variability during sleep in a sample of active duty service members. Sleep, 44(Abstract Supplement), A116. Doi: 10.1093/sleep/zsab072.289.

Matsangas, P., Shattuck, N.L., & Clifton, H. (2021). Rack curtains improve sailors’ sleeping conditions in berthing compartments of the United States Navy (USN) ships. Sleep, 44(Abstract Supplement), A116. Doi: 10.1093/sleep/zsab072.288.

Shattuck, N.L. & Matsangas, P. (2021). A pilot study of light management in the US Navy. Sleep, 44(Abstract Supplement), A116-A117. Doi: 10.1093/sleep/zsab072.290.

Hudson, A.N., Hinson, J.M., Whitney, P., Crooks, E., Shattuck, N.L., Matsangas, P., Van Dongen, H., & Honn, K.A. (2021). Effects of simulated shift schedules on visual search. Sleep, 44(Abstract Supplement), A23-A24. Doi: 10.1093/sleep/zsab072.055.

Shattuck, N.L., Matsangas, P., Clifton, H., Hart, J., Czeisler, C., & Barger, L. (2020). Crew endurance training in the United States Navy: Interim assessment of a 3-year project. Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting, 64(1), 841-845. Doi: 10.1177/1071181320641195.

Shattuck, N.L., Matsangas, P., Dahlman, J., & Dahlman, A. (2020). Assessment of the fixed 4-hours on/8-hours off watchstanding schedule on a surface vessel of the Swedish Royal Navy. Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting, 64(1), 846-850. Doi: 10.1177/1071181320641196.

Matsangas, P., Gratsia, S., Cocos, A., Vastardis, H., & Shattuck, N.L. (2020). Sleep Patterns and the Effect of Late Bedtime on School-age Children and Adolescents: Preliminary Results. Sleep, 43(Abstract Supplement), A348. Doi: 10.1093/sleep/zsaa056.911.

Shattuck, N.L. & Matsangas, P. (2020). Gender Differences in Sailor Well-being, Sleep-related Behaviors, and Psychomotor Vigilance Performance in the United States Navy. Sleep, 43(Abstract Supplement), A313. Doi: 10.1093/sleep/zsaa056.817.

Shattuck, N.L. & Matsangas, P. (2020). Differences in well-being in dayworkers compared to shift workers: A study of United States Navy Sailors. Sleep, 43(Abstract Supplement), A295. Doi: 10.1093/sleep/zsaa056.772.

Matsangas, P. & Shattuck, N.L. (2016). Sleep quality in crewmembers of US Navy ships while underway. Sleep, 39(Abstract Supplement), A98-A99.

Shattuck, N.L., Matsangas, P., Saitzyk, A., & Aldridge, E. (2016). Reported sleep problems and practices in active duty military members during deployment. Sleep, 39(Abstract Supplement), A71-A72.

Shattuck, N.L. & Matsangas, P. (2015). A comparison of sleep and performance of U.S. Navy Sailors on four different shiftwork schedules. Sleep, 38(Abstract Supplement), A130.

Gabehart, R.J., Skornyakov, E., Shattuck, N.L., Sparrow, A.R., Matsangas, P., Riedy, S., & Van Dongen, H.P.A. (2015). Sleep duration in two different Navy watchstanding schedules. Sleep, 38(Abstract Supplement), A87.

Shattuck, N.L. & Matsangas, P. (2015). Comparison of the 3/9 and 6/6 watchstanding schedules for crewmembers of a US Navy destroyer. Proceedings of the 6th Annual Applied Human Factors Society. Las Vegas, NV.

Skornyakov, E., Shattuck, N.L., Winser, M.A., Matsangas, P., Sparrow, A.R., Layton, M.E., & Van Dongen, H.P.A. (2015). Heart rate variability measures of watchstanding in simulated Naval watch schedules. Sleep, 38(Abstract Supplement), A65.

Brown, S., Matsangas, P., & Shattuck, N.L. (2015). Is a Sailor's life for you? Aches and pains of U.S. Navy Sailors. Sleep, 38(Abstract Supplement), A89.

Shattuck, N.L., Waggoner, L.B., Young, R.L., Smith, C.S., & Matsangas, P. (2014). Shiftwork practices in the United States Navy: A study of sleep and performance in watchstanders aboard the USS Jason Dunham. Sleep, 37(Abstract Supplement), A78.

Matsangas, P. & Miller, N.L. (2006). The effects of ship motion on the sleeping patterns of crewmembers aboard a high speed Naval vessel. Sleep, 29(Abstract Supplement), A126.

Miller, N.L., Shattuck, L.G., & Smith, D.R. (2006). Sleep Patterns of Cadets at the United States Military Academy: Interim Findings of a Four-year Longitudinal Study. Proceedings of the Association of Professional Sleep Societies. Salt Lake City, UT.

Martinez, S.G., Matthews, M.D., & Miller, N.L. (2005). The effects of sleep deprivation on objective and subjective measures of cognitive performance: A pilot study. Proceedings of the American Psychological Association Division 19/21 Midyear Symposium.

Miller, N.L., Dyche, J., Andrews, C., & Lucas, T. (2004). Navy boot camp: Test score changes after two-hour increase in sleep time. Proceedings of the 18th Annual Association of Professional Sleep Societies. Philadelphia, PA.

Miller, N.L., Nguyen, J.L., Sanchez, S., & Miller, J.C. (2003). Sleep patterns and fatigue among U.S. Navy Sailors: Working the night shift during combat operations aboard the USS STENNIS during Operation Enduring Freedom. Proceedings of the 2003 Aerospace Medical Association. San Antonio, TX.

Miller, N.L. & Dyche, J. (2004). Behavioral changes at Navy boot camp after two-hour increase in sleep time. Proceedings of the American Psychological Association Division 19/21 Midyear Symposium. Philadelphia, PA.

Miller, N.L., Baldus, B.R., Coard, H.F., Sanchez, S., & Redmond, D.R. (2003). Timing of the major sleep period as a fatigue countermeasure in U.S. Navy recruits. Proceedings of the 2003 Aerospace Medical Association. San Antonio, TX.

Miller, N.L. & Crowson, J.J. (2003). Analysis of sailor fatigue and sleep patterns on the HSV Joint Venture. Proceedings of the 6th Annual Systems Engineering Conference. National Defense Industrial Association, San Diego, CA.

Miller, N.L., Narkevicius, J.M., & Shattuck, L.G. (2003). Human Behavior 101: Theories and models. Proceedings of the 2003 MORS Conference. Alexandria, VA.

Coard, H.F., Dyche, J., Carr, W., & Miller, N.L. (2002). Sleep changes for basic military training in the Navy. Proceedings of the 2002 Recruit and Trainee Healthcare Symposium. Baltimore, MD.

Ruth, J. & Miller, N.L. (1996). Boost phase intercept of theater ballistic missiles using F-14D. Proceedings of the 1996 U.S. Naval Test Pilot School Symposium.

Lewis, N.L. (1988). The EEG as an indicator of G-induced loss of consciousness (GLOC). Proceedings of the 1988 Aerospace Medical Association.

Tripp, L.D., Albery, W.B., & Lewis, N.L. (1988). Development of a reliable, non-intrusive, G-induced loss of consciousness monitoring device. Proceedings of the Aerospace Medical Association.

Glaister, D.H. & Lewis, N.L. (1988). Effect of lower body negative pressure cerebral tissue oxygen status in man. Proceedings of the Aerospace Medical Association.

Lewis, N.L. & Saltzberg, B. (1987). The EEG as an index of consciousness in high-G environments. Proceedings of the Aerospace Medical Association. May 1987.

Technical Reports

Technical Reports

Shattuck, N. L., Matsangas, P., & McClernon, C. K. (2023). Improving the watch standing schedules of two US Navy watchfloors in the San Diego area (Technical Report No. NPS-OR-23-008). Monterey, CA: Naval Postgraduate School.

Shattuck, N.L., Matsangas, P., Nicholson, M.C., & Brimner, S.S. (2023). Importance of information presented to UH-60 pilots by phase of flight: Follow-on analyses. (Technical Report No. NPS-OR-23-010R). Monterey, CA: Naval Postgraduate School.

Aten, K., Matsangas, P., Shattuck, N.L., & Tick, S. (2023). Optimized fleet response plan (OFRP) phase variation in signature and destructive behaviors. (Technical Report No. NPS-DDM-23-004). Monterey, CA: Naval Postgraduate School.

Shattuck, N.L., Matsangas, P., Barger, L.K., & Weaver, M.D. (2022). Crew endurance training program for the US Navy. (Technical Report No. NPS-OR-22-004). Monterey, CA: Naval Postgraduate School.

Matsangas, P., Shattuck, N.L., Shattuck, L.G., Lawrence-Sidebottom, D., & Bowen, Z. (2021). Understanding motivational factors of problematic video gaming in the USMC and US Navy. (Technical Report No. NPS-OR-22-002). Monterey, CA: Naval Postgraduate School.

Shattuck, N.L., Matsangas, P., Reily, J., McDonough, M., & Giles, K.B. (2021). The effect of light on circadian entrainment: Risk mitigation techniques for shifting from day to night flight operations. (Technical Report No. NPS-OR-22-001). Monterey, CA: Naval Postgraduate School.

Shattuck, L.G., Matsangas, P., & Shattuck, N.L. (2021). US Military Academy Cadet sleep study. (Technical Report). Monterey, CA: Naval Postgraduate School.

Shattuck, N.L. & Matsangas, P. (2021). Assessment of the fixed 3-section 4hrs-on/8hrs-off watchstanding schedule in sailors of the Swedish Royal Navy compared to sailors of the United States Navy. (Technical Report No. NPS-OR-22-003). Monterey, CA: Naval Postgraduate School.

Shattuck, N.L., Matsangas, P., Mittleider, M., & Clifton, H.L. (2021). Sailor well-being and rack curtains. (Technical Report No. NPS-OR-21-002). Monterey, CA: Naval Postgraduate School.

Matsangas, P. & Shattuck, N.L. (2021). Assessment of sailor well-being and acceptance of the 4-section 3hrs-on/9hrs-off fixed watchstanding schedule on the USS SHILOH (CG-67). (Technical Report No. NPS-OR-21-001R). Monterey, CA: Naval Postgraduate School.

Shattuck, N.L. & Matsangas, P. (2021). Wrist-worn psychomotor vigilance task device validation study. (Technical Report No. NPS-OR-21-001). Monterey, CA: Naval Postgraduate School.

Clifton, H.L., Matsangas, P., & Shattuck, N.L. (2020). Evaluation of a stress inoculation training program at the US Navy Surface Warfare Officer School. (Technical Report No. NPS-OR-20-001). Monterey, CA: Naval Postgraduate School.

Shattuck, N.L. & Matsangas, P. (2019). Assessment of the utility of circadian-based watchstanding schedules for sailors working on the U.S. Navy surface ships. (Technical Report No. NPS-OR-19-001R). Monterey, CA: Naval Postgraduate School.

Shattuck, L.G., Matsangas, P., Cox, B., Shattuck, N.L., Fletcher, C., Combs, E., Fosha, R., & Anglemyer, A. (2018). Physiological episodes in F/A-18 and T-45 aircrews: Report of survey results. (Technical Report No. NPS-OR-18-003R). Monterey, CA: Naval Postgraduate School.

Matsangas, P. & Shattuck, N.L. (2018). Assessment of a novel 3-section fixed watchstanding schedule on the USS DETROIT (LCS-7). (Technical Report No. NPS-OR-18-002R). Monterey, CA: Naval Postgraduate School.

Shattuck, N.L. & Matsangas, P. (2018). Assessment of the Sailor Evaluation Tool (SET). (Technical Report No. NPS-OR-18-004). Monterey, CA: Naval Postgraduate School.

Matsangas, P. & Shattuck, N.L. (2018). Assessment of a novel 3hrs-on/3hrs-off/3hrs-on/15hrs-off watchstanding schedule on the USS STOCKDALE (DDG-106). (Technical Report No. NPS-OR-18-002). Monterey, CA: Naval Postgraduate School.

Shattuck, N.L., Smith, C., Dahlman, J., & Matsangas, P. (2018). The Use of Hypnotic and Alerting Medications (HAMs) in the United States Military. (Technical Report). Monterey, CA: Naval Postgraduate School.

Matsangas, P., Shattuck, N.L., & Saitzyk, A. (2017). The Marine Corps Embassy Security Guard 2016 sleep survey: Analysis and comparison with 2012-2015 data. (Technical Report No. NPS-OR-17-002R). Monterey, CA: Naval Postgraduate School.

Shattuck, N.L., Matsangas, P., Seagren, C., & Meredith I. (2017). LCS case study: The effect of shipboard manning levels on operational effectiveness and an analysis to improve unplanned loss management. (Technical Report No. NPS-OR-17-001R). Monterey, CA: Naval Postgraduate School.

Shattuck, N.L., Matsangas, P., & Saitzyk, A. (2016). Work and rest patterns in Marine Corps Embassy Security Group: Promoting health and wellness through informed work schedules. (Technical Report No. NPS-OR-16-001R). Monterey, CA: Naval Postgraduate School.

Shattuck, N.L., Matsangas, P. & Brown, S. (2015). A comparison between the 5hrs-on/10hrs-off and 3hrs-on/9hrs-off watch standing schedules. (Technical Report No. NPS-OR-15-006). Monterey, CA: Naval Postgraduate School.

Shattuck, N.L. & Matsangas, P. (2015). Optimization of shipboard manning levels using IMPRINT Pro Forces module. (Technical Report No. NPS-OR-15-008). Monterey, CA: Naval Postgraduate School.

Shattuck, N.L., Matsangas, P., Moore, J. & Wegemann, L. (2015). Prevalence of excessive daytime sleepiness, fatigue and musculoskeletal symptoms in the crew of a US Navy ship. (Technical Report No. NPS-OR-15-005). Monterey, CA: Naval Postgraduate School.

Shattuck, N.L., Matsangas, P., & Powley, E.H. (2015). Sleep patterns, mood, psychomotor vigilance performance, and command resilience of watchstanders on the "Five and Dime" watchbill. (Technical Report No. NPS-OR-15-003). Monterey, CA: Naval Postgraduate School.

Shattuck, N.L. & Matsangas, P. (2014). Work and rest patterns and psychomotor vigilance performance of crewmembers of the USS Jason Dunham: a comparison of the 3/9 and 6/6 watchstanding schedule. (Technical Report No. NPS-OR-14-004). Monterey, CA: Naval Postgraduate School.

Miller, N.L., Shattuck, L.G., Tvaryanas, A.P., & Matsangas, P. (2010). Effects of sleep on training effectiveness in soldiers at Fort Leonard Wood, Missouri. (Technical Report No. NPS-OR-10-011). Monterey, CA: Naval Postgraduate School.

Tvaryanas, A.P. & Shattuck, N.L. (2010). Human systems integration domain trade-offs in optimized manning: The task effectiveness scheduling tool. (Technical Report No. NPS-OR-10-006). Monterey, CA: Naval Postgraduate School.

Tvaryanas, A.P., Colebank, J., Platte, W., Swigart, C., & Miller, N.L. (2008). A resurvey of shift work related fatigue in MQ-1 Predator unmanned aircraft system crewmembers. (Technical Report No. NPS-OR-008-01). Monterey, CA: Naval Postgraduate School.

Miller, N.L. & Matsangas, P. (2007). Fatigue in military operational environments: an annotated bibliography. (Technical Report No. NPA-OR-07-001). Monterey, CA: Naval Postgraduate School.

Gillingham, K.K., Plentzas, S., & Lewis, N.L. G environments of F4, F-5, F-15, and F-16 aircraft during F-15 tactics development and evaluation.

OUTREACH

National Geographic drops by a sleep study on the USS Paul Hamilton

Circadian Rhythm Being Implemented on Navy Surface Ships

San Diego Waterfront leaders met with Naval Postgraduate researchers on Friday, Oct. 13, to discuss the impact of sleep on crew readiness. This is the first in a series of discussions which accompany the implementation of circadian rhythm (CR) watchbills and shipboard routines directed by Vice Adm. Tom Rowden, commander, Naval Surface Forces (CNSF).

NPS' Sleep Study Research Leads to Fleetwide Policy

NPS Professor of Operations Research (OR) Dr. Nita Shattuck has spent more than a decade working tirelessly to enhance crew performance by developing watchbills that match a human's natural circadian rhythm, and demonstrating the advantages of them. And her hard work has finally paid off, with Commander, Naval Surface Forces Vice Adm. Thomas Rowden announcing comprehensive use of her optimized watchbill program to be implemented fleetwide.

Circadian Rhythm Being Implemented on Navy Surface Ships

San Diego Waterfront leaders met with Prof. Nita Shattuck and Naval Postgraduate researchers on Friday, Oct. 13, to discuss the impact of sleep on crew readiness. More than 50 local commanding officers (CO), executive officers (XO) and command master chiefs (CMC) showed up to listen and ask questions about the Surface Navy's new policy, with a focus on implementation of the CR watchbills prior to the end of calendar year 2017.

Nita Shattuck quoted in Navy Times

Establishing reliable watch rotations can better prepare sailors for exhausting crises. 

Professor Shattuck interview

The Human Systems Interaction Lab (HSIL) is the subject of this Your Town interview.

Blue-light-blocking lenses a potential breakthrough for warfighters

New eyeglasses might help warfighters get the sleep they need. Military Health System officials are working on tinting for lenses that can be worn an hour or two before bedtime, blocking the light that blocks the brain's production of melatonin, the chemical that helps people sleep.

Navy experts call for more sleep for ship crews

Sailors need more sleep and shorter watches.

That's the unequivocal demand from Navy scientists and safety officials, who claim many sailors operate well below acceptable levels, and point to costly mishaps where lack of sleep has contributed. There's also evidence that adverse sleep patterns contribute to mental health issues and sleep disorders.

Submarine boss urges better crew rest in the fleet

The fleet's top submariner said getting sub crews the sleep they need is a necessary culture change inside a force that has long viewed sleep as a luxury.

This 'life-changing' shift has made submariners much happier

The 18-hour day is dead and gone in the submarine force, and junior officers who were on the front lines for the change say the change has been a revolution for morale and alertness throughout the force. 

For Our Troops, Post-Traumatic Sleep Disorders are the New PTSD

Sleep deprivation during military deployment is archaic, harmful and institutionally unavoidable. It may aggravate, and even cause, PTSD in veterans returning from combat. 

Sailor-Optimized Watch Schedules Continue to Gain Traction

Department of Operations Research Professor Nita Shattuck has led a long line of NPS students on a mission to improve the lives of their fellow service members around the world. For more than 15 years, she has devoted herself to a singular task … ensuring service members get enough rest to perform their best.

NPR News: What the U.S. Navy's Schedule Change Means If You Work Late Hours

Dr. Shattuck is interviewed on her work in support of recent changes to U.S. Navy sleep schedules.

Dr. Shattuck Interviewed by PilotOnline

"It's about performance. It's about building crew endurance and making them stronger," Shattuck says about altering sleep schedules to accommodate circadian rhythms.

Dr. Shattuck Interviewed at Navy Times

The submarine force has long resisted 24-hour watchbills during deployments, but the skipper of the first sub to test them said they yielded better sleep and more alert watchstanders than the standard 18-hour rotation.

NPS Professor Dr. Nita Shattuck Honored With Surface Navy Association's Literary Award

Dr. Nita Shattuck's work was recently published by the U.S. Naval Institute.  Her article, "A Sea Change in Standing Watch," co-authored by retired Capt. John Cordle was awarded the 2013 Literary Award at the Surface Navy Association's Annual Symposium in Springfield, VA, Jan. 15.  

Sleep for the Night Shift

By Sam Fellman, Navy Times, October 28, 2013
As ships continue to experiment with watchbills that improve sailors' sleep, one of the Navy's foremost performance experts is warning about a new front in the Navy's fight against fatigue: shift work.

NPS Concludes Sleep Study aboard Jason Dunham
By Mass Communication Specialist 2nd Class Deven King, USS Jason Dunham Public Affairs
USS JASON DUNHAM, At Sea (NNS) -- Sailors aboard guided-missile destroyer USS Jason Dunham (DDG 109) concluded their participation in a two-week sleep study, Dec. 17.

The study was conducted by personnel from the Naval Postgraduate School (NPS) who came aboard Jason Dunham to interview crewmembers about their watch rotations and monitor their sleep patterns, activity periods and reaction times.

Dr. Nita Shattuck, a professor with the NPS Operations Research Department, said Jason Dunham's crew were the perfect candidates for the study.
 
3 hours on, 9 hours off: A better watchbill

By Gidget Fuentes and Tony Lombardo - Staff Writers | Posted Monday July 2
Sailors in the Navy's surface fleet are spending 80-plus hours a week on the job, according to researchers, and it's taking a severe toll. A sailor at sea is already forced to balance multiple job-related tasks, and when you factor in exercise, meals and any career-advancing projects you've got going, there's little time for shut-eye.

The problem can have far-reaching consequences, with a bleary-eyed sailor not only posing a threat to himself, but the entire ship and the mission.

This article first appeared in the Navy Times.

 

DISSERTATIONS SUPERVISED

Matsangas, Panagiotis, The Effect of Mild Motion Sickness and Sopite Syndrome on Multitasking Cognitive Performance, PhD Dissertation, Naval Postgraduate School, March 2013. Committee Member: Nita Shattuck

TVARYANAS, ANTHONY P., Lt. Col., USAF, "A discourse in human systems integration," Doctor of Philosophy, September 2010, Dissertation Supervisor: Nita Lewis Shattuck.