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Operations Research Department Prof. Shattuck at Google Scholar Visit the Crew Endurance web site!Our VisionTo enable individuals and their commands to design their daily work and rest schedules to achieve better crew endurance, healthier quality of life, and optimal combat effectiveness. Our GoalsTo highlight the benefits of establishing a watch schedule based on circadian rhythms that improves the work/rest patterns of Sailors, thereby increasing the endurance and readiness onboard Navy ships with minimal cost and disruption to a command. To provide a central resource for Commanders and their staff to identify and implement policies, procedures, and watch rotations proven to reduce fatigue levels.
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Nita Lewis Shattuck Professor of Operations Research Dr. Nita Lewis Shattuck is a professor at the Naval Postgraduate School (NPS) in Monterey, California with faculty appointments in the Operations Research and Systems Engineering Departments and the MOVES Institute. She founded the Human Systems Integration Program at NPS in 2003, serving as the Program Director until 2008. Dr. Shattuck directs the research of the Crew Endurance Team, serving as Team Leader, and pursues her research interests in human fatigue in operational settings, individual and team performance, and decision-making. Dr. Shattuck serves as mentor to junior faculty, post-doctoral fellows and graduate students, advising over 100 masters theses. She has developed and taught multiple distance and resident graduate level courses and helped design the Human Systems Integration (HSI) Distance Learning Master’s degree. Dr. Shattuck received her Ph.D. in Behavioral Science from the University of Texas School of Public Health and has spent her entire career working in various agencies in the Department of Defense. Dr. Shattuck has published over 100 articles, book chapters, and technical reports and speaks annually to more than 30 Naval, DOD, civilian, and international audiences, sharing the information she has learned from decades of applied research in the Department of Defense. Dr. Shattuck’s work has resulted in sweeping changes to US Navy policy that now mandates the use of circadian-based watchbills and emphasizes benefits of crew rest practices. She is the recipient of the Department of the Navy Distinguished Civilian Service Award in 2018. Dr. Shattuck resides in Carmel Highlands with her husband, Larry, and their 7-pound Maltipoo guard dog, Nicolette. She can be reached at Naval Postgraduate School, Glasgow Hall, Room 225, Monterey, California. Her email address is nlshattu@nps.edu and her faculty website is https://faculty.nps.edu/nlshattuck. Teaching and Research Interests
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CURRENT PROJECTS
- Circadian-based Watchbills: Design, implement and assess innovative watchbills that support human circadian rhythms; test these out in operational environments. Current Status: Significant progress made on DDGs and CGs. Collected data during 19-day underway on amphib (LSD 48). Analysis is ongoing. Planned: Collect data on submarines and PCs. Develop fleet-wide survey to assess policy compliance and watchbill efficacy.
- Crew Endurance Training: Develop training systems to instruct leadership/commands and Sailors on the need to prioritize sleep to enhance warfighter readiness using instructor-led and individual web-based training. Current Status: Significant progress made. First delivery to SWOS and Recruit Training Command in November 2019. Planned: Work on train the trainer materials and integrate into updated Crew Endurance website.
- Dietary Patterns of Night Watchstanders: Night shift workers often struggle to maintain healthy diets, especially on US Navy ships. The food served at night, "midrats", is often left over from previous meals rather than a planned, nutritious meal. These same Sailors almost always labor under a significant and ever-increasing sleep debt. One of the unfortunate consequences of sleep deprivation and circadian misalignment is an imbalance in two hormones: excess ghrelin and insufficient leptin. The former contributes to the cravings for carbohydrates while the latter results in not feeling full or satiated. This combination creates the perfect situation for weight gain. Planned: Study the food intake of USN watchstanders during underway operations, measuring fluctuations in glucose levels of Sailors with various dietary plans.
- Sailors CR-53 Increased Manning: Study two DDGs in Basic Phase to assess the effects of additional manning on ship-wide metrics and individual crewmember performance. Status: Data collection and analysis has been completed. Preliminary results were provided to CNSF Aug-Sep 2019. Planned: Technical report will integrate findings from the two related efforts.
- Light Management: Manage high-energy visible (HEV) light exposure for shift workers using blue blockers and multiple versions of HEV emitters. The development of multiple means of administering HEV light may help speed up circadian entrainment process. Status: Significant progress with procurement of multiple light sources including patented delivery systems. Planned: Install HEV emitting light systems on DDG and CSS-1 submarine in early 2020.
- Habitability Enhancements for Ships: We have developed innovative rack curtains for sleeping quarters that limit light (and potentially noise) exposure outside the rack. Status: Significant progress has been made with new rack curtains to be installed on a DDG for study during underway operations. Once installed in all ~300 racks, our team will assess the sleep of Sailors ~1 week before and after installation. Planned: Develop a "smart rack" that tracks the physiological conditions of the occupant and administers light on the appropriate schedules.
- Stress Inoculation Training: Stress Inoculation Training (SIT) for improving performance under intensely stressful situations; designing safe and effective methods for inducing stress during training. Status: Baseline and initial data collections conducted at SWOS. Another study is ongoing at NPS using a ship bridge simulator and a cold pressor (ice bucket) stress. Planned: Studies over the next year will assess cortisol and physiological indicators of stress with insights and feedback to SWOS.
- Sleep Inertia Mitigation: Identify and test mitigation strategies for reducing sleep inertia when individuals are awakened from deep sleep. Status: Two sleep inertia studies have been designed and one has been carried out with NASA Ames Research Center. Planned: Two data collections are scheduled over the next 18 months, one at NPS and another with a partner at a university sleep lab.
- Dark Adaptation: Methods to assess how HEV light can be used to increase alertness (e.g., supplementing light in CIC) while also protecting dark adaptation (e.g., bridge watchstanders.) Monocular vs binocular tests are planned. Status: "Pirate" study has been designed and submitted for IRB approval. Planned: First data collection scheduled for Winter 2020 with salivary melatonin using DLMO technique.
PROFESSIONAL HISTORY
Prof. Shattuck at Google Scholar
Curriculum Vita (PDF)
Education
National Research Council Postdoctoral Fellow, United States Air Force School of Aerospace Medicine, 1983-1985
Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.), Behavioral Science, The University of Texas, School of Public Health, Houston, TX, 1982; Chairman: George Kerr, M.D. Dissertation research funded by The Ford Foundation. Title: Lewis, N.L., "Arousal, Fatigue, and Mental Performance: The Effects of Fasting on Cognition", The University of Texas, School of Public Health, Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, 1982. Advisor: Ernesto Pollitt, Ph.D.
U.S. Public Health Service Trainee, The University of Texas, School of Public Health, 1978-1980
Master of Education (M.Ed.), Stephen F. Austin State University, Nacogdoches, TX, 1977
Bachelor of Science (B.S.), Biology and English majors; Stephen F. Austin State University, Nacogdoches, TX, 1975WORK EXPERIENCE
Present Position: Professor, Naval Postgraduate School
May 2006 to April 2017: Associate Professor, Naval Postgraduate School (NPS)
Director of the Human Systems Integration Laboratory (HSIL). Human Factors Option Advisor for the Operations Research curriculum. Course coordinator for OA3401, OA3402, OA3413 and OA4401; teach courses in human factors engineering, individual and team performance, and human systems integration. Supervise NPS student thesis projects. Served as Co-Director of the Human Systems Integration program. Joint faculty appointments in Systems Engineering and MOVES Institute. Advisor to the Chief of Naval Operations Strategic Studies Group for 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2011, 2013. Member of the Transportation Research Board of the National Academies Committee on Marine Safety and Human Factors (appointment 4-2011 to 4-2014
2000--2005: Research Assistant Professor, Naval Postgraduate School (NPS)
Developed curriculum and course material for graduate courses in human factors and human systems integration. Supervised student thesis research. Director of the Human Systems Integration Laboratory (HSIL). Human Factors Option Advisor for the Operations Research curriculum. In 2003, founded the resident Masters Degree program in Human Systems Integration and served as Academic Associate for the Resident Masters Degree program in Human Systems Integration at NPS.
1995 to 1997: Principal Staff Member/Human Factors Scientist, Veda, Inc.
Principal investigator of US Navy project to evaluate in-flight fires and wiring discrepancies in the E-2C Hawkeye aircraft. Worked with Navy engineers and the SAS Institute to finalize recommendations based on reported failure rates. Study coordinator and human factors lead for F-14D Theater Ballistic Missile Boost Phase Intercept Project. Responsible for measuring aircrew mental workload and aircrew performance in flight and in human-in-the-loop simulations.1987 to 1989: Engineering Psychologist, Aircrew Systems Department, Systems Engineering Test Directorate, Naval Air Test Center, Patuxent River, MD
Developed techniques for in-flight physiological monitoring of aircrew. Designed study to assess the effect of thermal stress on Gz tolerance. Consultant to the Israeli Air Force on Gz-induced Loss of Consciousness (G-LOC) monitoring systems for in-flight applications.
1985 to 1987: Research Psychologist, Crew Technology Division, United States AirForce School of Aerospace Medicine, Brooks AFB, TX
Principal investigator in studies of human performance during exposure to acceleration, hypoxia and spatial disorientation using electrophysiological measures (e.g., EEG, EOG, EMG) as indicators of state of consciousness. Directed contractual efforts to obtain centrifuge and in-flight recording and analysis capability of electrophysiological signals from aircrew. Measured human cognitive performance and electrophysiological changes during exposure to lower body negative pressure (ischemic hypoxia). Participated in fatigue countermeasures program that assessed EEG and performance changes associated with pharmacological sleep intervention (temazepam).1983 to 1985: Postdoctoral Research Fellow, National Research Council, assigned to United States Air Force School of Aerospace Medicine, Neurosciences Function, Clinical Sciences Division, Brooks AFB, TX
As a neuroscience research fellow and as part of the USAF Pilot Attributes Program, designed and implemented a study of visual target acquisition and tracking. Study included quantitative measures of human eye movements, including saccadic velocities. Analyzed data from manual tracking task collected in zero-G environment from astronauts during NASA Shuttle missions.
RESEARCH INTERESTS
Human systems integration (to include the domains of manpower, personnel, training, human factors, habitability, safety, survivability and occupational health)
Human performance (individual and team)
Fatigue, sleep, and circadian rhythms
Situation awareness and situated cognition
Decision making and mental workload
HONORS AND AWARDS
- Received the Distinguished Civilian Service award, June 2018. The citation reads in part: "She is a nationally recognized and highly respected expert in the fields of sleep, fatigue, and crew endurance." (medal)
- My research contributions were recognized by ADM John Richardson as Chief of Naval Operations during his NPS Summer 2016 Graduation Commencement address.
- Recipient of the 2013 Surface Navy Association Literary Award, which recognizes the best professional article in any publication addressing Surface Navy or Surface Warfare issues
- Recipient of the 2007 'Jimmie' Hamilton Award from the American Society of Naval Engineers (ASNE) for Best Paper for 2007
- Recipient of the Roland Calori Award for Best Paper for the years 2006-2007 in the Organizational Studies Journal
- Recipient of the 2006 Gary F. Wheatley Award for Best Paper from the International Command and Control Research and Technology
- Interviewed and quoted multiple times by various news outlets (e.g., Navy Times Huffington Post) for various articles on alternative watchbills for US Navy Sailors.
- Outstanding Civilian Performance Award , U.S. Air Force, 1987.
- National Research Council Postdoctoral Fellow, 1983-1985.
- Vice President, Board of Directors, Houston Area Women's Center, Inc., 1978-1979.
- U.S. Public Health Service Trainee, The University of Texas , School of Public Health, 1978-1980.
- Outstanding Student Award, Stephen F. Austin State University, 1976-1977.
- Lovenia Perry Scholarship, Stephen F. Austin State University, 1975-1976.
PROFESSIONAL ORGANIZATIONS
Aerospace Medical Association
American Society of Naval Engineers
Human Factors and Ergonomics Society
Department of Defense Human Factors Engineering Technical Advisory Group
PUBLICATIONS
Chapters in Books
Shattuck, N. L., Lawrence-Sidebottom, D., Matsangas, P., & Brager, A. J. (2022). "The role of sleep in the military" in C. A. Kushida (Ed.), Encyclopedia of Sleep and Circadian Rhythms (2nd ed.): Elsevier.
Shattuck, N.L., Matsangas, P., Mysliwiec, V., and Creamer, J.L. (2019). "The Role of sleep in human performance and well-being" in Schnyer, D. & Matthews, M.D. (Eds.), Human Performance Optimization: The Science and Ethics of Enhancing Human Capabilities. Oxford University Press, New York.
Shattuck, N.L., Matsangas, P., and Dahlman, A.S. (2018). Sleep and fatigue issues in military operations. In E. Vermetten, A. Germain, & T. Neylan (Eds.), Sleep and Combat related PTSD (pp. 69-76). New York, NY: Springer
Shattuck, N.L., and Matsangas, P. (2018). "Sleep and fatigue issues in military operations" in Vermetten, E., Germain, D. & Neylan, T. (Eds.), Sleep and combat related PTSD. Springer.
Drillings, M., Knapp, B., and Shattuck, N.L., (2015). "Human Systems Integration in the military," in D. Boehm-Davis, Durso, Lee, (Eds) The APA Handbook of Human Systems Integration. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association. 37-52.
Miller, N.L., Matsangas, P. and Kenney, A. (2012). "The role of sleep in the military: Implications for training and operational effectiveness," in M. Matthews and J. Laurence (Eds.) Oxford Handbook of Military Psychology. New York: Oxford University Press. 262-281.
Miller, N.L., Matsangas, P. and Shattuck, L.G. (2007). "Fatigue and its effect on performance in military environments," in P.A. Hancock and J.L. Szalma (Eds.), Performance Under Stress. Mahwah, NJ: Ashgate Publications. 231-250.
Miller, N.L., Crowson, J.J., and Narkevicius, J.M. (2003). "Human characteristics and measures in systems design," in H.R. Booher (Ed.), Handbook of Human Systems Integration. New York: John Wiley and Sons. 699-742.
Refereed Journal Papers
Gurubhagavatula, I., Barger, L. K., Barnes, C. M., Basner, M., Boivin, D. B., Dawson, D., Drake, C.L., Flynn-Evans, E. E., Mysliwiec, V., Patterson, P. D., Reid, K. J., Samuels, C., Shattuck, N. L., Kazmi, U., Carandang, G., Heald, J. L., Van Dongen, Hans P. A. (2021). Guiding principles for determining work shift duration and addressing the effects of work shift duration on performance, safety, and health: guidance from the American Academy of Sleep Medicine and the Sleep Research Society. JOURNAL OF CLINICAL SLEEP MEDICINE, 17(11), 2283-2306. L., Flynn-Evans, E. E., Mysliwiec, V., Patterson, P. D., Reid, K. J., Samuels, C., Shattuck, N. L., Kazmi, U., Carandang, G., Heald, J. L., Van Dongen, Hans P. A. (2021). Guiding principles for determining work shift duration and addressing the effects of work shift duration on performance, safety, and health: guidance from the American Academy of Sleep Medicine and the Sleep Research Society. JOURNAL OF CLINICAL SLEEP MEDICINE, 17(11), 2283-2306.
Matsangas, P., & Shattuck, N.L. (2021) Habitability in berthing compartments and well-being of sailors working on United States Navy surface ships. Human Factors. 63(3), 462-473. Doi: 10.1177/0018720820906050
Shattuck, N.L. and Matsangas, P. (2020). Eating behaviors in Sailors of the United States Navy: Meal-to-sleep intervals. Nutrition and Health. Doi: 10.1177/0260106020960878.
Shattuck, N.L. and Matsangas, P. (2020). Does the quality of life differ for shift workers compared to day workers? Chronobiology International. Doi: 10.1080/07420528.2020.1810062.
Matsangas, P. and Shattuck, N.L. (2020). Sleep quality, occupational factors, and psychomotor vigilance performance in U.S. Navy sailors. Sleep. Doi: 10.1093/sleep/zsaa118.
Matsangas, P. and Shattuck, N.L. (2020). Hand-held and wrist-worn field-based PVT devices versus the standardized laptop PVT. Aerospace Medicine and Human Performance, 91(5), 409-415. Doi: 10.3357/AMHP.5567.2020.
Matsangas, P. and Shattuck, N.L. (2020). Habitability in berthing compartments and well-being of sailors working on United States Navy surface ships. Human Factors. Doi: 10.1177/0018720820906050
Matsangas, P., Shattuck, N.L., and Saitzyk, A. (2020) Sleep-related practices, behaviors, and difficulties in deployed active duty service members performing security duties. Behavioral Sleep Medicine. 18(2), 262-274. Doi: 10.1080/15402002.2019.1578771
Shattuck, N.L. and Matsangas, P. (2017). Sunlight exposure, work hours, caffeine consumption, and sleep duration in an operational naval environment. Aerospace Medicine and Human Performance, 88(6), 579-585. Doi: 10.3357/AMHP.4721.2017.
Matsangas, P., Shattuck, N.L., and Brown, S. (2017). Preliminary validation study of the 3-minute wrist-worn psychomotor vigilance test. Behavioral Research Methods, 49(5), 1792-1801. Doi:10.3758/s13428-016-0821-2.
Matsangas, P. and Shattuck, N.L. (2016). Differentiating between fatigue and sleepiness in the naval operational environment. Behavioral Sleep Medicine.
Shattuck, N.L., Matsangas, P., Moore, J., and Wegemann, L. (2016). "Prevalence of musculoskeletal symptoms, excessive daytime sleepiness and fatigue in the crewmembers of a U.S. Navy ship." Military Medicine, 181(7), 655-62.
Shattuck, N.L., and Matsangas, P. (2015)."Psychomotor Vigilance Performance Predicted by Epworth Sleepiness Scale Scores in an Operational Setting with the United States Navy." Journal of Sleep Research, 24(2), 174-180.
Skornyakov, E., Shattuck, N.L., Winser, M.A., Matsangas, P., Sparrow, A.R., Layton, M.E., Gabehart, R.J., Van Dongen, H.P.A. (2015). "Sleep and performance in simulated Navy watch schedules," Accident Analysis & Prevention. doi: 10.1016/j.aap.2015.11.021.
Shattuck, N.L., and Matsangas, P. (2015). "A 6-month assessment of sleep during naval deployment: A case study of a Commanding Officer," Aerospace Medicine and Human Performance. 86(5): 481-485.
Mysliwiec, V., Matsangas, P., Baxter, T. and Shattuck, N.L. (2015). "An unusual circadian rhythm in an active duty service member," Sleep and Biological Rhythms, 14(1), 113-115.
Shattuck, N.L., Matsangas, P., Eriksen, E. and Kulubis, S. (2015). "Comparison of two watch schedules for personnel at the White House Military Office President's Emergency Operations Center," Human Factors, 57(5): 864-878.
Shattuck, N.L. and Matsangas, P. (2015). "Operational assessment of the 5-h on/10-h off watchstanding schedule on a US Navy ship: Sleep patterns, mood, and psychomotor vigilance performance of crewmembers in the nuclear reactor department," Ergonomics. doi: 10.1080/00140139.2015.1073794.
Shattuck, N.L., and Matsangas, P. (2015). "Psychomotor vigilance performance predicted by Epworth Sleepiness Scale scores in an operational setting with the United States Navy," Journal of Sleep Research, 24(2): 174-180.
Matsangas, P., Shattuck, N.L. and McCauley, M.E. (2015). "Sleep duration in rough sea conditions." Aerospace Medicine and Human Performance, 86(10), 901-906.
Cordle, J. and Shattuck, N.L.(2013). "A Sea Change in Standing Watch", United States Naval Institute Proceedings, January 2013:139 (1): 34-39. This article won the Surface Navy Association Literary Award for 2013. The SNA Literary Award recognizes the best professional article in any publication addressing Surface Navy or surface warfare issues.
Shattuck N.L.; Brown SAT. (2013). "Wounded in action: what the sleep community can learn from sleep disorders of US military service members," SLEEP 36(2):159–160.
Miller, N.L., Shattuck, L.G., and Tvaryanas, A.P., (2012). "Accommodating adolescent sleep-wake patterns: The effects of shifting the timing of sleep on training effectiveness," SLEEP 35(8):1123-1136.
Miller N.L., Shattuck, L.G., and Matsangas, P. (2011). "Sleep and fatigue issues in continuous operations: A survey of US Army officers," Behavioral Sleep Medicine: 9(1):53-65.
Miller N.L., Shattuck, L.G. Matsangas, P. (2010). "Longitudinal study of sleep patterns of United States Military Academy cadets," SLEEP: 33(12):1623-1631.
Tvaryanas, A.P., Brown, L., and Miller, N.L. (2009). "Managing the Human Weapon System: A Vision for an Air Force Human-Performance Doctrine", Air & Space Power Journal, pp. 34-41, Summer 2009.
Miller, N.L., Shattuck, L.G., Matsagas, P. and Dyche, J. (2008). "Sleep and academic performance in U.S. military training and education programs." International Mind, Brain and Education Society. 2(1): 29-33.
Miller, N.L. and Firehammer, R. (2007) "Avoiding a Second Hollow Force: The Case for Including Crew Endurance Factors in the Afloat Staffing Policies of the U.S. Navy, Naval Engineers Journal, Vol 119:1 pp 83-96, 2007." This paper won the 'Jimmie' Hamilton Award for Best Paper of 2007 from The American Society of Naval Engineers.
Shattuck, L.G. and Miller, N.L. (2006). "Naturalistic decision making in complex systems: A dynamic model of situated cognition combining technological and human agents," Organizational Behavior: Special Issue on Naturalistic Decision Making in Organizations. 27(7): 989-1009.
Miller, N.L. and Shattuck, L.G. (2005). "Sleep Patterns of Young Men and Women Enrolled at the United States Military Academy: Results from Year One of a Four Year Longitudinal Study", SLEEP July 2005.
Pollitt, E. and Lewis, N.L., (1980). "Nutrition and educational achievement: I. Malnutrition and behavioral test indicators," Food and Nutrition Bulletin. 2(3):32-35.
Pollitt, E. and Lewis, N.L., (1980). "Nutrition and educational achievement: II. Correlations between nutritional and behavioral test indicators within populations where malnutrition is not a major public health problem," Food and Nutrition Bulletin. 2(3):33-37.
Refereed Conference Papers
Shattuck, N.L., & Matsangas, P. (2021). Crew endurance training in the United States Navy: Lessons learned from senior leadership, prospective commanding/executive officers, and department heads. Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting, 65(1), 1470-1474. Doi: 10.1177/1071181321651076.
Badua, A., Shattuck, N.L., & Matsangas, P. (2021). Risk assessment in the military: A work/rest schedule-based tool for the USN surface fleet. Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting, 65(1), 1588-1592. Doi: 10.1177/1071181321651077.
Shattuck, N.L., Matsangas, P., Clifton, H., Hart, J., Czeisler, C., & Barger, L. (2020). Crew endurance training in the United States Navy: Interim assessment of a 3-year project. Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting, 64(1), 841-845. Doi: 10.1177/1071181320641195.
Shattuck, N.L., Matsangas, P., Dahlman, J., & Dahlman, A. (2020). Assessment of the fixed 4-hours on/8-hours off watchstanding schedule on a surface vessel of the Swedish Royal Navy. Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting, 64(1), 846-850. Doi: 10.1177/1071181320641196.
Matsangas, P., and Shattuck, N.L. (2019). Preliminary Assessment of a Novel Watchstanding Schedule for a Crew on a Small Surface Combatant of the United States Navy. Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting, 63(1), 933-937, doi:10.1177/1071181319631005.
Matsangas, P., Shattuck, N.L., Mortimore, K., Paghasian, C., and Greene, F. (2019). The 3-minute Psychomotor Vigilance Task (PVT) Embedded in a Wrist-worn Device: Time of Day Effects. Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting, 63(1), 797-801, doi:10.1177/1071181319631144.
Shattuck, N.L., Matsangas, P., and Saitzyk, A. (2018). Improving Work and Rest Patterns of Military Personnel in Operational Settings with Frequent Unplanned Events. Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting, 62(1), 772-776.
Matsangas, P., and Shattuck, N.L. (2018). Agreement between the 3-minute Psychomotor Vigilance Task (PVT) Embedded in a Wrist-worn Device and the Laptop-based PVT. Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting, 62(1), 666-670.
Sjörs Dahlman, A., Matsangas, P., and Shattuck, N.L. (2017). The Effect of Habitual Exercise on Daytime Sleepiness and Mood of US Navy Sailors. Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting, 61(1), 522-526.
Ryan, A., Matsangas, P., Anglemyer, A., and Shattuck, N.L. (2017). Improving Sleep Attributes of Military Personnel in Operational Settings by Controlling Exposure to Blue Light. Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting, 61(1), 906-910.
Matsangas, P., and Shattuck, N.L. (2017). Exploring Sleep-related Habitability Issues in Berthing Spaces on U.S. Navy Ships. Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting, 61(1), 450-454.
Matsangas, P., Shattuck, N.L., Heinicke, C., and Dunn, J. (2017). Sleep Patterns in Mission IV of the Hawaii Space Exploration Analog and Simulation (HI-SEAS): A Pilot Study. Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting, 61(1), 73-77.
Shattuck, N.L., Shattuck, L.G. & Matsangas, P. (2016). Combat effectiveness and sleep patterns in US Marines. Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society (HFES) 60th Annual Meeting. Washington, D.C.
Shattuck, N.L & Matsangas, P. (2016). Comparison of the 3/9 and 6/6 watchstanding schedules for crewmembers of a US Navy destroyer. Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society (HFES) 60th Annual Meeting. Washington, D.C.
Shattuck, N.L & Matsangas, P. (2015). Caffeinated beverage consumption rates and reported sleep in a U.S. Navy ship. Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society (HFES) 59th Annual Meeting. Los Angeles, CA.
Matsangas, P. & Shattuck, N.L (2015). The effect of ship department on crew sleep patterns and psychomotor vigilance performance. Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society (HFES) 59th Annual Meeting. Los Angeles, CA.
Brown, S., Matsangas, P. & Shattuck, N.L. (2015). "Improved sleep hygiene and psychomotor vigilance performance following crew shift to a circadian-based watch schedule." Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society (HFES) 59th Annual Meeting. Los Angeles, CA. October, 2015.
Shattuck, N.L., Waggoner, L.B., Young, R.L., Smith, C.S., and Matsangas, P. (2014). "Shiftwork practices in the United States Navy: A study of sleep and performance in watchstanders aboard the USS Jason Dunham." SLEEP 06/2014; 37(Supplement):A78.
Shattuck, N.L, Matsangas, P. and Waggoner L. (2014). "Assessment of a novel watchstanding schedule on an operational US Navy vessel." Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society (HFES) 58th Annual Meeting. Chicago, IL.
Shattuck, N.L., Shattuck, L.G., Smith, C.S., and Matsangas, P.M. (2013). "Changes in Reaction Times and Executive Decision-Making following Exposure to Waterborne Motion", Proceedings of the 2013 Annual Human Factors and Ergonomics Society, September-October 2013, San Diego, CA.
Shattuck, N.L., Waggoner, L.B., Young, R.L., Smith, C.S., Brown, S.A.T, and Matsangas, P. (2013). "Shiftwork Practices in the United States Navy: A Study of Sleep and Performance in Watchstanders aboard the USS JASON DUNHAM" 21st International Symposium on Shiftwork and Working Time, Costa do Sauipe, Brazil, 4 - 8 November 2013.
Shattuck, N.L., Shattuck, L.G., Smith, C.S., and Matsangas, P.M. (2013). "Changes in reaction times and executive decision-making following exposure to waterborne motion," Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society (HFES) 57th Annual Meeting.San Diego, CA.
Shattuck, N.L. (2011). "Human systems integration tradeoff analyses: Lessons learned in support of Naval surface acquisitions," Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society (HFES) 55th Annual Meeting. Las Vegas, NV.
Miller, G.A., Miller, N.L., and Shattuck, L.G. (2007). "Red force interaction in situated cognition," Proceedings of the 2007 Command and Control Research and Technology Symposium. Newport, RI, June 2007.
Miller, N.L. and Firehammer, R. (2007). "Avoiding a second hollow force: The case for including crew endurance factors in the afloat staffing policies of the U.S. Navy," Proceedings of the 2007 Human Systems Integrations Symposium. Annapolis, MD.
Shattuck, L.G., Miller, N.L., and Miller, G.A. (2007). "Using the dynamic model of situated cognition to assess network centric warfare in field settings," Proceedings of the 2007 Command and Control Research and Technology Symposium. Newport, RI.
Solberg, B.J., Miller, N.L. and Corriere, M.A. (2007). "Sleep patterns of Naval aviation personnel conducting mine hunting operations," Proceedings of the 2007 Human Systems Integrations Symposium. Annapolis, MD.
Miller, N.L. and Shattuck, L.G. (2006). "A dynamic process model for the design and assessment of network systems," Proceedings of the 2006 Command and Control Research and Technology Symposium. San Diego, CA.
Miller, N.L. and Shattuck, L.G. (2005). "Applying a dynamic model of situated cognition to the investigation of mishaps," Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society's 49th Annual Meeting. Orlando, Florida.
Miller, N.L., Shobe. K., and Shattuck, L.G. (2005). "Extending the model of situated cognition to submarine command and control," Proceedings of the 2005 Human Systems Integrations Symposium. Arlington, VA.
Shattuck, L.G. and Miller, N.L. (2004). "A process tracing approach to the investigation of situated cognition," Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society's 48th Annual Meeting. New Orleans, LA.
Miller, N.L. and Shattuck, L.G. (2004). "A process model of situated cognition in military command and control," Proceedings of the 2004 Command and Control Research and Technology Symposium. San Diego, CA.
Miller, N.L. and Shattuck, L.G. (2004). "Sleep patterns and the impact on performance: A study of men and women enrolled at the United States Military Academy", Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society's 48th Annual Meeting, New Orleans, LA, September 2004.
Shattuck, L.G. and Miller, N.L. (2004). "A process tracing approach to the investigation of situated cognition", Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society's 48th Annual Meeting. New Orleans, LA, September 2004.
Miller, N.L., Dyche J., Andrews C. and Lucas, T. (2004). "Navy Boot Camp: Test Score Changes After Two Hour Increase in Sleep Time," Proceedings of the Association of Professional Sleep Societies, Philadelphia, PA, June 2004. Abstract.
Miller, N.L., Shattuck, L.G., Clark, J., Miller, D.B. and Neverosky, D. (2004). "Sleep Patterns of Incoming Cadets at the United States Military Academy," Proceedings of the Association of Professional Sleep Societies, Philadelphia, PA, June 2004.
Miller, N.L., Baldus, B.R., Coard, H.F., Sanchez, S., and Redmond, D.R. (2003). "Timing of the Major Sleep Period as a Fatigue Countermeasure in U.S. Navy Recruits," Proceedings of the Aerospace Medical Association, May 2003.
Miller, N.L., and Nguyen, J.L. (2003). "Working the nightshift on the USS STENNIS: Implications for enhancing warfighter effectiveness," Proceedings of the Human Systems Integration Symposium.
Lewis, N.L., McGovern, J.B., Miller, J.C., Eddy, D.R., and Forster, E.M. (1987). "EEG indices of G-induced loss of consciousness," AGARD-NATO Proceedings. Trondheim, Norway.
Invited Conference Papers
Alfred, P., Caldwell, L., Rice, V., Miller, N., Matsangas, P., Liebermann, H. & Wesensten, N. (2010). "Sleep across military environments," Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society's 54th Annual Meeting. San Francisco, CA.
Miller, N.L. and Shattuck, L.G. (2005). "Extending the dynamic model of situated cognition to network centric systems," Network Centric Defense Conference 2005: A Challenge for the Hellenic Armed Forces in the 21st Century. Athens, Greece.
Vroulis, G., Smith, R., Largen, J., Loring, D., Wolff, J., and Lewis, N.L., (1982). "Plasma cholinesterase and neuropsychological correlates in dementia of the Alzheimer's type," Proceedings of the International Neuropsychological Society Meeting. Pittsburgh, PA.
Refereed Conference and Symposia Presentations
Matsangas, P., Gratsia, S., Cocos, A., Vastardis, H., and Shattuck, N.L. (2020). Sleep Patterns and the Effect of Late Bedtime on School-age Children and Adolescents: Preliminary Results. Sleep, 43(Abstract Supplement), A348. Doi: 10.1093/sleep/zsaa056.911.
Shattuck, N.L., and Matsangas, P. (2020). Gender Differences in Sailor Well-being, Sleep-related Behaviors, and Psychomotor Vigilance Performance in the United States Navy. Sleep, 43(Abstract Supplement), A313. Doi: 10.1093/sleep/zsaa056.817.
Shattuck, N.L., and Matsangas, P. (2020). Differences in well-being in dayworkers compared to shift workers: A study of United States Navy Sailors. Sleep, 43(Abstract Supplement), A295. Doi: 10.1093/sleep/zsaa056.772
Shattuck, N.L., Matsangas, P. (2019). Culture change in the US Navy: From data collection to mandated policies. Sleep Science, 12(Supplement 3), 63-64.
Shattuck, N.L., Shattuck, L.G., and Matsangas, P. (2019). Sleepiness and fatigue in Cadets at the U.S. Military Academy: Preliminary results from a 10-year follow-on study. Sleep, 42(Abstract Supplement), A93-A94.
Cox, B.D., Matsangas, P., Shattuck, L.G., and Shattuck, N.L. (2019). Explaining the increase in reported physiological episodes: Perceptions among naval jet aviators. Aerospace Medicine and Human Performance, 90(3), 199.
Shattuck, N.L., and Matsangas, P. (2018). The Effect of Sleep on Mood of U.S. Navy Sailors. Sleep, 41(Abstract Supplement), A68.
Shattuck, N.L., and Matsangas, P. (2018). Personality traits and sleep-related problems in crewmembers of the Hawaii Space Exploration Analog and Simulation (HI-SEAS). Aerospace Medicine and Human Performance, 89(3), 254-255.
Matsangas, P., and Shattuck, N.L. (2017). Prevalence of Insomnia and Excessive Daytime Sleepiness in US Navy Sailors. Sleep, 40 (Abstract Supplement), A64.
Shattuck, N.L., and Matsangas, P. (2017). Work and sleep patterns in military shift workers: Promoting health and wellness through informed shift schedules. Sleep, 40(Abstract Supplement), A63-A64.
Shattuck, N.L., and Matsangas, P. (2017). Prevalence of excessive daytime sleepiness, psychomotor vigilance performance and sleep habits of active duty naval personnel during shipboard operations. Abstract presented in the 88th Scientific Meeting of the Aerospace Medical Association (ASMA), Denver, CO.
Shattuck, N.L. & Matsangas, P. (2017). Comparing the work and rest hours of United States Navy Sailors with existing maritime regulations. Abstract presented at the Tenth International Conference on Managing Fatigue, San Diego, CA.
Matsangas, P. and Shattuck, N.L. (2016). "Sleep quality in crewmembers of US Navy ships while underway," Sleep, 39(Abstract Supplement), A98-A99.
Shattuck, N.L., Matsangas, P., Saitzyk, A. and Aldridge, E. (2016). "Reported sleep problems and practices in active duty military members during deployment," Sleep, 39(Abstract Supplement), A71-A72.
Shattuck N.L. and Matsangas P. (2015). "A comparison of sleep and performance of U.S. Navy Sailors on four different shiftwork schedules," Sleep, 38(Abstract Supplement), A130.
Gabehart, R. J., Skornyakov, E., Shattuck, N. L., Sparrow, A. R., Matsangas, P., Riedy, S., and Van Dongen, H. P. A. (2015). "Sleep duration in two different Navy watchstanding schedules," Sleep, 38(Abstract Supplement), A87.
Shattuck, N.L. and Matsangas, P. (2015). "Comparison of the 3/9 and 6/6 watchstanding schedules for crewmembers of a US Navy destroyer," Proceedings of the 6th Annual Applied Human Factors Society, Las Vegas, NV.
Skornyakov, E. Shattuck, N.L., Winser, M.A., Matsangas, P., Sparrow, A.R., Layton, M.E. and VanDongen, H.P.A. (2015). "Heart rate variability measures of watchstanding in simulated Naval watch schedules," Sleep, 38(Abstract Supplement), A65.
Brown, S. Matsangas, P. and Shattuck N.L. (2015). "Is a Sailor's life for you? Aches and pains of U.S. Navy Sailors," Sleep, 38 (Abstract Supplement), A89.
Shattuck N.L., Waggoner L.B., Young R.L., Smith C.S. and Matsangas P. (2014). "Shiftwork practices in the United States Navy: A study of sleep and performance in watchstanders aboard the USS Jason Dunham," Sleep, 37(Abstract Supplement), A78.
Matsangas, P. and Miller, N.L. (2006). "The effects of ship motion on the sleeping patterns of crewmembers aboard a high speed Naval vessel," Sleep, 29(Abstract Supplement), A126.
Miller, N.L., Shattuck, L.G. and Smith, D.R. (2006). "Sleep Patterns of Cadets at the United States Military Academy: Interim Findings of a Four-year Longitudinal Study", Proceedings of the Association of Professional Sleep Societies, Salt Lake City, UT, June 2006.
Martinez, S.G., Matthews, M.D. and Miller, N.L. (2005). "The effects of sleep deprivation on objective and subjective measures of cognitive performance: A pilot study," Proceedings of the American Psychological Association Division 19/21 Midyear Symposium.
Miller, N.L., Dyche J., Andrews C. and Lucas, T., (2004). "Navy boot camp: Test score changes after two-hour increase in sleep time," Proceedings of the 18th Annual Association of Professional Sleep Societies, Philadelphia, PA.
Miller, N.L., Nguyen, J.L., Sanchez, S., and Miller, J.C. (2003). "Sleep patterns and fatigue among U.S. Navy Sailors: Working the night shift during combat operations aboard the USS STENNIS during Operation Enduring Freedom,"Proceedings of the 2003 Aerospace Medical Association. San Antonio, TX.
Miller, N.L. and Dyche, J., (2004). "Behavioral changes at Navy boot camp after two-hour increase in sleep time," Proceedings of the American Psychological Association Division 19/21 Midyear Symposium. Philadelphia, PA.
Miller, N.L., Baldus, B.R., Coard, H.F., Sanchez, S., and Redmond, D.R. (2003). "Timing of the major sleep period as a fatigue countermeasure in U.S. Navy recruits," Proceedings of the 2003 Aerospace Medical Association. San Antonio, TX.
Miller, N.L. and Crowson, J.J., (2003). "Analysis of sailor fatigue and sleep patterns on the HSV joint venture," Proceedings of the 6th Annual Systems Engineering Conference. National Defense Industrial Association. SanDiego, CA.
Miller, N.L., Narkevicius, J.M. and Shattuck, L.G. (2003). "Human Behavior 101: Theories and models," Proceedings of the 2003 MORS Conference: How Cognitive and Behavioral Factors Influence Command and Control. Alexandria, VA.
Coard, H.F., Dyche, J., Carr, W., and Miller, N.L. (2002). "Sleep changes for basic military training in the Navy," Proceedings of the 2002 Recruit and Trainee Healthcare Symposium. Baltimore, MD.
Ruth, J. and Miller, N.L. (1996). "Boost phase intercept of theater ballistic missiles using F-14D," Proceedings of the 1996 U.S. Naval Test Pilot School Symposium.
Lewis, N.L. (1988). "The EEG as an indicator of G-induced loss of consciousness (GLOC)," Proceedings of the 1988 Aerospace Medical Association.
Tripp, L.D., Albery, W.B., and Lewis, N.L. (1988). "Development of a reliable, non-intrusive, G-induced loss of consciousness monitoring device," Proceedings of the Aerospace Medical Association.
Glaister, D.H. and Lewis, N.L. (1988). "Effect of lower body negative pressure cerebral tissue oxygen status in man," Proceedings of the Aerospace Medical Association.
Lewis, N.L. and Saltzberg, B. (1987). "The EEG as an index of consciousness in high-G environments," Proceedings of the Aerospace Medical Association. May 1987.
Refereed Technical Reports
Gillingham, K.K., Plentzas, S., and Lewis, N.L., "G environments of F4, F-5, F-15, and F-16 aircraft during F-15 tactics development and evaluation," USAFSAM-TR 85-51. July 1985.
Non-Refereed Technical Reports
Matsangas, P., Shattuck, N.L., Shattuck, L.G., Lawrence-Sidebottom, D., & Bowen, Z. (2021). Understanding motivational factors of problematic video gaming in the USMC and US Navy. (Technical Report No. NPS-OR-22-002). Monterey, CA: Naval Postgraduate School.
Shattuck, N.L., Matsangas, P., Reily, J., McDonough, M., and Giles, K.B. (2021). The effect of light on circadian entrainment: Risk mitigation techniques for shifting from day to night flight operations. (Technical Report No. NPS-OR-22-001). Monterey, CA: Naval Postgraduate School.
Shattuck, N.L., Matsangas, P., Mittleider, M., and Clifton, H.L. (2021). Sailor well-being and rack curtains (Technical Report No. NPS-OR-21-002). Monterey, CA: Naval Postgraduate School.
Matsangas, P. and Shattuck, N.L. (2021). Assessment of sailor well-being and acceptance of the 4-section 3hrs-on/9hrs-off fixed watchstanding schedule on the USS SHILOH (CG-67) (Technical Report No. NPS-OR-21-001R). Monterey, CA: Naval Postgraduate School.
Shattuck, N.L. and Matsangas, P. (2021). Wrist-worn psychomotor vigilance task device validation study (Technical Report No. NPS-OR-21-001). Monterey, CA: Naval Postgraduate School.
Clifton, H.L., Matsangas, P., and Shattuck, N.L. (2020). Evaluation of a stress inoculation training program at the US Navy Surface Warfare Officer School. (Technical Report No. NPS-OR-20-001). Monterey, CA: Naval Postgraduate School.
Shattuck, N.L., and Matsangas, P. (2019). Assessment of the utility of circadian-based watchstanding schedules for sailors working on the U.S. Navy surface ships. (Technical Report No. NPS-OR-19-001R). Monterey, CA: Naval Postgraduate School.
Shattuck, L.G., Matsangas, P., Cox, B., Shattuck, N.L., Fletcher, C., Combs, E., Fosha, R., and Anglemyer, A. (2018). Physiological episodes in F/A-18 and T-45 aircrews: Report of survey results. (Technical Report No. NPS-OR-18-003R). Monterey, CA: Naval Postgraduate School.
Matsangas, P. and Shattuck, N.L. (2018). Assessment of a novel 3-section fixed watchstanding schedule on the USS DETROIT (LCS-7). (Technical Report No. NPS-OR-18-002R). Monterey, CA: Naval Postgraduate School.
Shattuck, N.L., and Matsangas, P. (2018). Assessment of the Sailor Evaluation Tool (SET). (Technical Report No. NPS-OR-18-004). Monterey, CA: Naval Postgraduate School.
Matsangas, P. and Shattuck, N.L. (2018). Assessment of a novel 3hrs-on/3hrs-off/3hrs on/15hrs-off watchstanding schedule on the USS STOCKDALE (DDG-106). (Technical Report No. NPS-OR-18-002). Monterey, CA: Naval Postgraduate School.
Matsangas, P., Shattuck, N.L., and Saitzyk, A. (2017). The Marine Corps Embassy Security Guard 2016 sleep survey: Analysis and comparison with 2012-2015 data. (Technical Report No. NPS-OR-17-002R). Monterey, CA: Naval Postgraduate School.
Shattuck, N.L., Matsangas, P., Seagren, C., and Meredith I. (2017). LCS case study: The effect of shipboard manning levels on operational effectiveness and an analysis to improve unplanned loss management. (Technical Report No. NPS-OR-17-001R). Monterey, CA: Naval Postgraduate School.
Shattuck, N.L. Matsangas, P., and Saitzyk, A. (2016). Work and rest patterns in Marine Corps Embassy Security Group: Promoting health and wellness through informed work schedules. (Technical Report No. NPS-OR-16-001R). Monterey, CA: Naval Postgraduate School.
Shattuck, N.L., Matsangas, P. and Brown, S. (2015). "A comparison between the 5hrs-on/10hrs-off and 3hrs-on/9hrs-off watch standing schedules," (Technical Report No. NPS-OR-15-006). Monterey, CA: Naval Postgraduate School.
Shattuck, N.L. and Matsangas, P. (2015). "Optimization of shipboard manning levels using IMPRINT Pro Forces module," (Technical Report No. NPS-OR-15-008). Monterey, CA: Naval Postgraduate School.
Shattuck, N.L., Matsangas, P., Moore, J. and Wegemann, L. (2015). "Prevalence of excessive daytime sleepiness, fatigue and musculoskeletal symptoms in the crew of a US Navy ship," (Technical Report No. NPS-OR-15-005). Monterey, CA: Naval Postgraduate School.
Shattuck, N.L., Matsangas, P., and Powley, E.H. (2015). "Sleep patterns, mood, psychomotor vigilance performance, and command resilience of watchstanders on the 'Five and Dime' watchbill," (Technical Report No. NPS-OR-15-003). Monterey, CA: Naval Postgraduate School.
Shattuck, N.L. and Matsangas, P. (2014). "Work and rest patterns and psychomotor vigilance performance of crewmembers of the USS Jason Dunham: a comparison of the 3/9 and 6/6 watchstanding schedule," (Technical Report No. NPS-OR-14-004). Monterey, CA: Naval Postgraduate School.
Miller, N.L., Shattuck, L.G., Tvaryanas, A.P., Matsangas, P. (2010). "Effects of sleep on training effectiveness in soldiers at Fort Leonard Wood, Missouri," (Technical Report No. NPS-OR-10-011). Monterey, CA: Naval Postgraduate School.
Tvaryanas, A.P. and Shattuck, N.L. (2010). "Human systems integration domain trade-offs in optimized manning: The task effectiveness scheduling tool," (Technical Report No. NPS-OR-10-006. Monterey, CA: Naval Postgraduate School.
Tvaryanas, AP, Colebank, J., Platte, W., Swigart, C., and Miller, N.L. (2008). "A resurvey of shift work related fatigue in MQ-1 Predator unmanned aircraft system crewmembers," (Technical Report No. NPS-OR-008-01). Monterey, CA: Naval Postgraduate School.
Miller, N.L. and Matsangas, P. (2007). "Fatigue in military operational environments: an annotated bibliography," (Technical Report No. NPA-OR-07-001). Monterey, CA: Naval Postgraduate School.
OUTREACH
National Geographic drops by a sleep study on the USS Paul Hamilton
Circadian Rhythm Being Implemented on Navy Surface Ships
San Diego Waterfront leaders met with Naval Postgraduate researchers on Friday, Oct. 13, to discuss the impact of sleep on crew readiness. This is the first in a series of discussions which accompany the implementation of circadian rhythm (CR) watchbills and shipboard routines directed by Vice Adm. Tom Rowden, commander, Naval Surface Forces (CNSF).
NPS' Sleep Study Research Leads to Fleetwide Policy
NPS Professor of Operations Research (OR) Dr. Nita Shattuck has spent more than a decade working tirelessly to enhance crew performance by developing watchbills that match a human's natural circadian rhythm, and demonstrating the advantages of them. And her hard work has finally paid off, with Commander, Naval Surface Forces Vice Adm. Thomas Rowden announcing comprehensive use of her optimized watchbill program to be implemented fleetwide.
Circadian Rhythm Being Implemented on Navy Surface Ships
San Diego Waterfront leaders met with Prof. Nita Shattuck and Naval Postgraduate researchers on Friday, Oct. 13, to discuss the impact of sleep on crew readiness. More than 50 local commanding officers (CO), executive officers (XO) and command master chiefs (CMC) showed up to listen and ask questions about the Surface Navy's new policy, with a focus on implementation of the CR watchbills prior to the end of calendar year 2017.
Nita Shattuck quoted in Navy Times
Establishing reliable watch rotations can better prepare sailors for exhausting crises.
The Human Systems Interaction Lab (HSIL) is the subject of this Your Town interview.
Blue-light-blocking lenses a potential breakthrough for warfighters
New eyeglasses might help warfighters get the sleep they need. Military Health System officials are working on tinting for lenses that can be worn an hour or two before bedtime, blocking the light that blocks the brain's production of melatonin, the chemical that helps people sleep.
Navy experts call for more sleep for ship crews
Sailors need more sleep and shorter watches.
That's the unequivocal demand from Navy scientists and safety officials, who claim many sailors operate well below acceptable levels, and point to costly mishaps where lack of sleep has contributed. There's also evidence that adverse sleep patterns contribute to mental health issues and sleep disorders.
Submarine boss urges better crew rest in the fleet
The fleet's top submariner said getting sub crews the sleep they need is a necessary culture change inside a force that has long viewed sleep as a luxury.
This 'life-changing' shift has made submariners much happier
The 18-hour day is dead and gone in the submarine force, and junior officers who were on the front lines for the change say the change has been a revolution for morale and alertness throughout the force.
For Our Troops, Post-Traumatic Sleep Disorders are the New PTSD
Sleep deprivation during military deployment is archaic, harmful and institutionally unavoidable. It may aggravate, and even cause, PTSD in veterans returning from combat.
Sailor-Optimized Watch Schedules Continue to Gain Traction
Department of Operations Research Professor Nita Shattuck has led a long line of NPS students on a mission to improve the lives of their fellow service members around the world. For more than 15 years, she has devoted herself to a singular task … ensuring service members get enough rest to perform their best.
NPR News: What the U.S. Navy's Schedule Change Means If You Work Late Hours
Dr. Shattuck is interviewed on her work in support of recent changes to U.S. Navy sleep schedules.
Dr. Shattuck Interviewed by PilotOnline
"It's about performance. It's about building crew endurance and making them stronger," Shattuck says about altering sleep schedules to accommodate circadian rhythms.
Dr. Shattuck Interviewed at Navy Times
The submarine force has long resisted 24-hour watchbills during deployments, but the skipper of the first sub to test them said they yielded better sleep and more alert watchstanders than the standard 18-hour rotation.
NPS Professor Dr. Nita Shattuck Honored With Surface Navy Association's Literary Award
Dr. Nita Shattuck's work was recently published by the U.S. Naval Institute. Her article, "A Sea Change in Standing Watch," co-authored by retired Capt. John Cordle was awarded the 2013 Literary Award at the Surface Navy Association's Annual Symposium in Springfield, VA, Jan. 15.
By Sam Fellman, Navy Times, October 28, 2013
As ships continue to experiment with watchbills that improve sailors' sleep, one of the Navy's foremost performance experts is warning about a new front in the Navy's fight against fatigue: shift work.
NPS Concludes Sleep Study aboard Jason Dunham
By Mass Communication Specialist 2nd Class Deven King, USS Jason Dunham Public Affairs
USS JASON DUNHAM, At Sea (NNS) -- Sailors aboard guided-missile destroyer USS Jason Dunham (DDG 109) concluded their participation in a two-week sleep study, Dec. 17.
The study was conducted by personnel from the Naval Postgraduate School (NPS) who came aboard Jason Dunham to interview crewmembers about their watch rotations and monitor their sleep patterns, activity periods and reaction times.
Dr. Nita Shattuck, a professor with the NPS Operations Research Department, said Jason Dunham's crew were the perfect candidates for the study.
3 hours on, 9 hours off: A better watchbill
By Gidget Fuentes and Tony Lombardo - Staff Writers | Posted Monday July 2
Sailors in the Navy's surface fleet are spending 80-plus hours a week on the job, according to researchers, and it's taking a severe toll. A sailor at sea is already forced to balance multiple job-related tasks, and when you factor in exercise, meals and any career-advancing projects you've got going, there's little time for shut-eye.
The problem can have far-reaching consequences, with a bleary-eyed sailor not only posing a threat to himself, but the entire ship and the mission.
This article first appeared in the Navy Times.
SELECTED PRESENTATIONS
Shattuck, N.L, Shattuck, L.G. & Matsangas, P. (2016). Combat Effectiveness and Sleep Patterns in US Marines. Presented at Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting, Washington, D.C.
Shattuck, N.L & Matsangas, P. (2016). Comparison of the 3/9 and 6/6 Watchstanding Schedules for Crewmembers of a U.S. Navy destroyer. Presented at the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting, Washington, D.C.
Shattuck, N.L. and Matsangas, P. (2015). Comparison of the 3/9 and 6/6 watchstanding schedules for crewmembers of a U.S. Navy destroyer. Presented at Sixth Annual International Conference on Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics.
Brown, S. Matsangas, P. and Shattuck N.L. (2015). Is A Sailor's Life For You? Aches and pains of U.S. Navy Sailors. Presented at the 29th Annual Meeting of the Associated Professional Sleep Societies.
Shattuck N.L. and Matsangas P. (2015). A Comparison Of Sleep And Performance Of U.S. Navy Sailors On Four Different Shiftwork Schedules. Presented at the 29th Annual Meeting of the Associated Professional Sleep Societies.
Shattuck N.L. and Matsangas P. (2015). Sleep and Performance in Operational Maritime Environments: What We Know About Working Conditions at Sea. Presented at the 3rd International Conference on Human Factors in Transportation, Las Vegas, NV.
Matsangas, P., Shattuck, N.L. and McCauley, M.E. (2015, February). Sleep in motion conditions: The sine qua non step for the next generation of sleep models predicting performance at sea. Presented at the Fatigue Modeling for Complex Environments Workshop, Oklahoma City, OK.
Shattuck N.L. and Matsangas P. (2015, February). Challenges and limitations of sleep and performance data collected in operational environments: Implications for improving fatigue models. Presented at the Fatigue Modeling for Complex Environments Workshop, Oklahoma City, OK.
Shattuck N.L., Waggoner L.B., Young R.L., Smith C.S. and Matsangas P. (2014). Shiftwork practices in the United States Navy: A study of sleep and performance in watchstanders aboard the USS Jason Dunham. Sleep, 37(Abstract Supplement), A78.
Shattuck, N.L., Shattuck L.G., and Tvaryanas, A.P. "Tradeoffs in Human Systems Integration" Military Operations Research Society Symposium 2011, Barchi Award Nominee.
Miller, N.L., & Shattuck, L.G., "Human Systems Integration at the Naval Postgraduate School," A presentation given a delegation of distinguished visitors from Singapore, at the Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, CA, December 2008.
Miller, N.L., & Shattuck, L.G., "Human Systems Integration at the Naval Postgraduate School," A presentation given to RDML Prindle, N-81, at the Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, CA, November 2008.
Shattuck, L.G. & Miller, N.L., "Human Systems Integration at the Naval Postgraduate School," NAVMAC, Millington, TN, October 2008.
Miller, N.L. & Shattuck, L.G., "Sleep Patterns and Performance: Results from a Four Year Longitudinal Study of the Cadet Class of 2007 at the United States Military Academy," Brown University, Providence, RI, September 2008.
Shattuck, L.G. & Miller, N.L., "Human Systems Integration: Certificate Program Development and Trade Space Analysis," 711th Human Performance Wing, Brooks City Base, San Antonio, TX, September 2008.
Shattuck, L.G. & Miller, N.L., "Sleep Patterns and Performance: Results from a Four Year Longitudinal Study of the Cadet Class of 2007 at the United States Military Academy," U.S. Military Academy, West Point, NY, September 2008.
Miller, N.L. & Shattuck, L.G., "The Human Systems Integration Laboratory: Facilities, Capabilities, and Recent Activities," A presentation given to Mr. Michael Bauman, SES, Director, TRADOC Analysis Center, at the Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, CA, April 2008.
Shattuck, L.G. & Miller, N.L., "Human Systems Integration at the Naval Postgraduate School," A presentation given to the Board of Advisors, at the Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, CA, April 2008.
Miller, N.L. & Shattuck, L.G., "The Dynamic Model of Situated Cognition," New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM, January 2008.
Shattuck, L.G. & Miller, N.L., "HSI Curriculum Review," A presentation given to Mr. Scott W. Lutterloh, Assistant Director for Requirements Integration (N12F), at the Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, CA, January 2008.
Miller, N.L. and Firehammer, R. "Avoiding a Second Hollow Force: The Case for Including Crew Endurance Factors in the Afloat Staffing Policies of the U.S. Navy", Proceedings of the 2007 Human Systems Integrations Symposium, Annapolis, MD. March 2007.
Solberg, B.J., Miller, N.L. and Corriere, M.A. "Sleep Patterns of Naval Aviation Personnel Conducting Mine Hunting Operations", Proceedings of the 2007 Human Systems Integrations Symposium, Annapolis, MD. March 2007.
Miller, N.L. and Shattuck, L.G. "Dynamic interplay between technology and humans: How do we know what we know? A model and a methodology for the systematic examination of unmanned systems", 74th Annual Military Operations Research Society Symposium (MORSS) Unmanned Systems Working Group, Colorado Springs, CO, June 2006.
Miller, N.L.and Shattuck, L.G. "Extending the Dynamic Model of Situated Cognition to Network Centric Systems", Network Centric Defence Conference 2005: A Challenge for the Hellenic Armed Forces in the 21st Century, Athens, Greece, 2005.
Martinez , S.G., Matthews, M.D. and Miller, N.L."The Effects of Sleep Deprivation on Objective and Subjective Measures of Cognitive Performance: A Pilot Study", Proceedings of the American Psychological Association Division 19/21 Midyear Symposium 2005.
Barton, L.A. and Miller, N.L. "Advanced Education in Human Systems Integration: Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, CA", Poster presented at the annual meeting of the Association of Military Surgeons of the United States, Denver, CO, November 2004.
Miller, N.L. and Dyche, J., "Behavioral Changes at Navy Boot Camp After Two Hour Increase in Sleep Time," Proceedings of the American Psychological Association Division 19/21 Midyear Symposium, 2004.
Miller, N.L., "Fatigue and Sleep Issues for Military Operations," Presentation to Brown University, May 2003.
Miller, N.L.and Crowson, J.J., "Analysis of Sailor Fatigue and Sleep Patterns on the HSV Joint Venture," Proceedings of the 6th Annual System Engineering Conference, 20-23 October 2003 National Defense Industrial Association, San Diego, CA., 2003.
Miller, N.L., Narkevicius, J.M. and Shattuck, L.G., "Human Behavior 101: Theories and Models," Proceedings of the MORS Conference: How Cognitive and Behavioral Factors Influence Command and Control. Alexandria, VA, October 2003.
Coard, H.F., Dyche, J., Carr, W., and Miller, N.L., "Sleep Changes for Basic Military Training in the Navy", Recruit and Trainee Healthcare Symposium, Baltimore, MD, 2002.
DISSERTATIONS SUPERVISED
Matsangas, Panagiotis, The Effect of Mild Motion Sickness and Sopite Syndrome on Multitasking Cognitive Performance, PhD Dissertation, Naval Postgraduate School, March 2013. Committee Member: Nita Shattuck
TVARYANAS, ANTHONY P., Lt. Col., USAF, "A discourse in human systems integration," Doctor of Philosophy, September 2010, Dissertation Supervisor: Nita Lewis Shattuck.
THESES SUPERVISED